मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-124
प्रकल्प्या तस्य तैर्वृत्तिः स्वकुटुम्बाद यथार्हतः ।
शक्तिं चावेक्ष्य दाक्ष्यं च भृत्यानां च परिग्रहम ॥१२४॥
शक्तिं चावेक्ष्य दाक्ष्यं च भृत्यानां च परिग्रहम ॥१२४॥
124. prakalpyā tasya tairvṛttiḥ svakuṭumbād yathārhataḥ ,
śaktiṁ cāvekṣya dākṣyaṁ ca bhṛtyānāṁ ca parigraham.
śaktiṁ cāvekṣya dākṣyaṁ ca bhṛtyānāṁ ca parigraham.
124.
prakalpyā tasya taiḥ vṛttiḥ svakuṭumbāt yathā arhataḥ
śaktim ca āvekṣya dākṣyam ca bhṛtyānām ca parigraham
śaktim ca āvekṣya dākṣyam ca bhṛtyānām ca parigraham
124.
taiḥ tasya vṛttiḥ svakuṭumbāt yathā arhataḥ प्रकल्प्या
śaktim ca dākṣyam ca bhṛtyānām parigraham ca āvekṣya
śaktim ca dākṣyam ca bhṛtyānām parigraham ca āvekṣya
124.
His livelihood (vṛtti) should be provided for him by those (Brahmins) from their own households, appropriately, after considering his capacity (śakti) and skill (dākṣya), and the number of dependents (bhṛtya) to be maintained.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्रकल्प्या (prakalpyā) - should be provided/arranged (to be arranged, to be provided)
- तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the śūdra mentioned in the previous verse) (his, of that)
- तैः (taiḥ) - by them (i.e., the Brahmins, or the employers/masters) (by them)
- वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - livelihood (livelihood, subsistence, course of action, behavior)
- स्वकुटुम्बात् (svakuṭumbāt) - from their (the providers') own households (from one's own family/household)
- यथा (yathā) - as (as, in which manner, according to)
- अर्हतः (arhataḥ) - as is proper, according to what is due (of one who is worthy, from what is proper)
- शक्तिम् (śaktim) - capability (power, capability, energy)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- आवेक्ष्य (āvekṣya) - having considered (having considered, having looked upon)
- दाक्ष्यम् (dākṣyam) - skill (skill, cleverness, dexterity)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- भृत्यानाम् (bhṛtyānām) - of dependents (referring to the śūdra's dependents) (of servants, of dependents, of those to be supported)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- परिग्रहम् (parigraham) - the extent of dependents (dependents, retinue, acceptance, acquisition, support)
Words meanings and morphology
प्रकल्प्या (prakalpyā) - should be provided/arranged (to be arranged, to be provided)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of prakalpya
prakalpya - to be arranged, to be fixed, to be conceived
Gerundive
From root kḷp (to arrange, to be fit) with prefix pra, and suffix -ya.
Prefix: pra
Root: kḷp (class 1)
Note: Functions as a predicate nominative with implied 'asti' (is).
तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the śūdra mentioned in the previous verse) (his, of that)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
तैः (taiḥ) - by them (i.e., the Brahmins, or the employers/masters) (by them)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - livelihood (livelihood, subsistence, course of action, behavior)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vṛtti
vṛtti - livelihood, subsistence, mode of life, course of action
From root vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn).
Root: vṛt (class 1)
Note: Subject of 'prakalpyā'.
स्वकुटुम्बात् (svakuṭumbāt) - from their (the providers') own households (from one's own family/household)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of svakuṭumba
svakuṭumba - one's own family, one's own household
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+kuṭumba)
- sva – own, one's own
adjective - kuṭumba – family, household
noun (neuter)
Note: Refers to the household of those who are arranging the livelihood.
यथा (yathā) - as (as, in which manner, according to)
(indeclinable)
अर्हतः (arhataḥ) - as is proper, according to what is due (of one who is worthy, from what is proper)
(adjective)
masculine, singular of arhat
arhat - worthy, deserving, proper, fit
Present Active Participle
From root arh (to deserve, to be able).
Root: arh (class 1)
Note: Acts adverbially in the compound 'yathārhataḥ'.
शक्तिम् (śaktim) - capability (power, capability, energy)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of śakti
śakti - power, capability, energy, strength
From root śak (to be able).
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: Object of 'āvekṣya'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
आवेक्ष्य (āvekṣya) - having considered (having considered, having looked upon)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root īkṣ (to see, to look) with prefix ā + vi.
Prefixes: ā+vi
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
दाक्ष्यम् (dākṣyam) - skill (skill, cleverness, dexterity)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dākṣya
dākṣya - skill, cleverness, dexterity, efficiency
From dakṣa (able, clever) with suffix -ya to form abstract noun.
Note: Object of 'āvekṣya'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
भृत्यानाम् (bhṛtyānām) - of dependents (referring to the śūdra's dependents) (of servants, of dependents, of those to be supported)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of bhṛtya
bhṛtya - servant, dependent, one to be supported, wage-earner
Gerundive
From root bhṛ (to bear, to support).
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
Note: Connects with 'parigraham'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
परिग्रहम् (parigraham) - the extent of dependents (dependents, retinue, acceptance, acquisition, support)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of parigraha
parigraha - taking, acceptance, dependents, property, support, retinue
From root grah (to seize, to take) with prefix pari.
Prefix: pari
Root: grah (class 9)