मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-129
शक्तेनापि हि शूद्रेण न कार्यो धनसञ्चयः ।
शूद्रो हि धनमासाद्य ब्राह्मणानेव बाधते ॥१२९॥
शूद्रो हि धनमासाद्य ब्राह्मणानेव बाधते ॥१२९॥
129. śaktenāpi hi śūdreṇa na kāryo dhanasañcayaḥ ,
śūdro hi dhanamāsādya brāhmaṇāneva bādhate.
śūdro hi dhanamāsādya brāhmaṇāneva bādhate.
129.
śaktena api hi śūdreṇa na kāryaḥ dhanasañcayaḥ
śūdraḥ hi dhanam āsādya brāhmaṇān eva bādhate
śūdraḥ hi dhanam āsādya brāhmaṇān eva bādhate
129.
hi api śaktena śūdreṇa dhanasañcayaḥ na kāryaḥ
hi śūdraḥ dhanam āsādya brāhmaṇān eva bādhate
hi śūdraḥ dhanam āsādya brāhmaṇān eva bādhate
129.
Indeed, even an able śūdra should not accumulate wealth, for a śūdra, having obtained wealth, would certainly oppress brahmins.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शक्तेन (śaktena) - by an able (śūdra) (by an able, by a capable)
- अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)
- हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)
- शूद्रेण (śūdreṇa) - by a śūdra
- न (na) - not, no
- कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should not be made (accumulation) (to be done, should be done, a task, duty)
- धनसञ्चयः (dhanasañcayaḥ) - accumulation of wealth
- शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra
- हि (hi) - for (indeed, surely, for, because)
- धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, money)
- आसाद्य (āsādya) - having obtained (having obtained, having reached)
- ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - brahmins (brahmins (accusative plural))
- एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
- बाधते (bādhate) - he oppresses (he oppresses, he harasses, he afflicts)
Words meanings and morphology
शक्तेन (śaktena) - by an able (śūdra) (by an able, by a capable)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakta
śakta - able, capable, powerful, mighty
Past passive participle
Past passive participle of root 'śak' (to be able).
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: Qualifies `śūdreṇa`.
अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
Particle.
हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)
(indeclinable)
Particle of affirmation or cause.
शूद्रेण (śūdreṇa) - by a śūdra
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a member of the fourth social class in the varṇa system
Note: Agent of `kāryaḥ`.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should not be made (accumulation) (to be done, should be done, a task, duty)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kārya
kārya - to be done, proper to be done, a task, an action, effect
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
From root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix '-ya'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies `dhanasañcayaḥ`.
धनसञ्चयः (dhanasañcayaḥ) - accumulation of wealth
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanasañcaya
dhanasañcaya - accumulation of wealth, hoarding of money
Compound: dhana (wealth) + sañcaya (accumulation).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhana+sañcaya)
- dhana – wealth, property, riches
noun (neuter)
Root: dhā (class 3) - sañcaya – accumulation, collection, heap
noun (masculine)
Action noun
From 'sam' (together) + root 'ci' (to collect, pile up) with suffix 'a'.
Prefix: sam
Root: ci (class 5)
शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a member of the fourth social class in the varṇa system
Note: Subject of the second clause.
हि (hi) - for (indeed, surely, for, because)
(indeclinable)
Particle of affirmation or cause.
धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, money)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana
dhana - wealth, property, riches, money
From root 'dhā' (to place, hold).
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Object of `āsādya`.
आसाद्य (āsādya) - having obtained (having obtained, having reached)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive/Gerund
From 'ā' (towards) + root 'sad' (to sit, approach).
Prefix: ā
Root: sad (class 1)
ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - brahmins (brahmins (accusative plural))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a member of the priestly class, a brahmin
From 'brahman' (the sacred word, priestly class).
Note: Object of `bādhate`.
एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
(indeclinable)
Particle of emphasis.
Note: Emphasizes the oppression.
बाधते (bādhate) - he oppresses (he oppresses, he harasses, he afflicts)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bādh
Present middle indicative
3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice.
Root: bādh (class 1)
Note: Subject is `śūdraḥ`.