मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-59
पित्र्यं वा भजते शीलं मातुर्वोभयमेव वा ।
न कथं चन दुर्योनिः प्रकृतिं स्वां नियच्छति ॥५९॥
न कथं चन दुर्योनिः प्रकृतिं स्वां नियच्छति ॥५९॥
59. pitryaṁ vā bhajate śīlaṁ māturvobhayameva vā ,
na kathaṁ cana duryoniḥ prakṛtiṁ svāṁ niyacchati.
na kathaṁ cana duryoniḥ prakṛtiṁ svāṁ niyacchati.
59.
pitryam vā bhajate śīlam mātuḥ vā ubhayam eva vā
na katham cana duryoniḥ prakṛtim svām niyacchati
na katham cana duryoniḥ prakṛtim svām niyacchati
59.
duryoniḥ pitryam vā mātuḥ vā ubhayam eva vā śīlam
bhajate na katham cana svām prakṛtim niyacchati
bhajate na katham cana svām prakṛtim niyacchati
59.
A person adopts the character of the father, or the mother, or indeed both. One of ignoble origin can by no means control their own intrinsic nature (prakṛti).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - paternal, inherited from the father
- वा (vā) - or, either
- भजते (bhajate) - he adopts, he takes on (the character) (he obtains, he enjoys, he worships, he takes on)
- शीलम् (śīlam) - character, nature, disposition, habit, virtue
- मातुः (mātuḥ) - character of the mother (of the mother, from the mother)
- वा (vā) - or, either
- उभयम् (ubhayam) - both
- एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly
- वा (vā) - or, either
- न (na) - not, no
- कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what way
- चन (cana) - even, indeed, also, whatsoever (with interrogatives, negates or emphasizes)
- दुर्योनिः (duryoniḥ) - one of bad origin, ignoble birth
- प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - intrinsic nature, fundamental constitution, primal matter
- स्वाम् (svām) - own, one's own
- नियच्छति (niyacchati) - he restrains, he controls, he subdues
Words meanings and morphology
पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - paternal, inherited from the father
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pitrya
pitrya - paternal, ancestral, relating to the father
From pitṛ (father) + -ya (suffix)
Note: Agrees with śīlam.
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
भजते (bhajate) - he adopts, he takes on (the character) (he obtains, he enjoys, he worships, he takes on)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhaj
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: Reflects the agent acting upon itself or for its own benefit.
शीलम् (śīlam) - character, nature, disposition, habit, virtue
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śīla
śīla - habit, custom, conduct, character, nature, disposition
Note: Object of bhajate.
मातुः (mātuḥ) - character of the mother (of the mother, from the mother)
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ
mātṛ - mother
Note: In context implies 'character of the mother'.
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
उभयम् (ubhayam) - both
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ubhaya
ubhaya - both, of both kinds
Note: Can be used as a pronoun or adjective. Here it refers to 'both characters'.
एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what way
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with cana for emphasis 'by no means whatsoever.'
चन (cana) - even, indeed, also, whatsoever (with interrogatives, negates or emphasizes)
(indeclinable)
दुर्योनिः (duryoniḥ) - one of bad origin, ignoble birth
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of duryoni
duryoni - of bad origin, of ignoble birth, born of an impure womb/family
dur (bad) + yoni (origin/womb).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+yoni)
- dur – bad, difficult, ill-
indeclinable - yoni – womb, origin, source, birth, family
noun (feminine)
Note: Subject of niyacchati.
प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - intrinsic nature, fundamental constitution, primal matter
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of prakṛti
prakṛti - nature, original or primary substance, fundamental constitution, primal matter (in Sāṅkhya philosophy)
From pra (prefix) + kṛ (to make) + ti (suffix).
Prefix: pra
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Object of niyacchati.
स्वाम् (svām) - own, one's own
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of sva
sva - own, one's own, self
Note: Agrees with prakṛtim.
नियच्छति (niyacchati) - he restrains, he controls, he subdues
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of niyacch
From ni (prefix) + yam (to restrain/hold). Root yam becomes yacch in present stem.
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1)