मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-20
द्विजातयः सवर्णासु जनयन्त्यव्रतांस्तु यान ।
तान सावित्रीपरिभ्रष्टान व्रात्यानिति विनिर्दिशेत ॥२०॥
तान सावित्रीपरिभ्रष्टान व्रात्यानिति विनिर्दिशेत ॥२०॥
20. dvijātayaḥ savarṇāsu janayantyavratāṁstu yān ,
tān sāvitrīparibhraṣṭān vrātyāniti vinirdiśet.
tān sāvitrīparibhraṣṭān vrātyāniti vinirdiśet.
20.
dvijātayaḥ savarṇāsu janayanti avratān tu yān
tān sāvitrīparibhraṣṭān vrātyān iti vinirdiśet
tān sāvitrīparibhraṣṭān vrātyān iti vinirdiśet
20.
dvijātayaḥ savarṇāsu yān avratān tu sāvitrīparibhraṣṭān janayanti,
tān vrātyān iti vinirdiśet
tān vrātyān iti vinirdiśet
20.
Those whom the twice-born (dvijātayaḥ) beget in women of their own class, but who disregard their sacred vows and are thus excluded from the sāvitrī initiation, one should designate those individuals as vrātyas.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (dvijātayaḥ) (the twice-born, members of the first three social classes (Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas))
- सवर्णासु (savarṇāsu) - in women of their own class (in women of the same color/class)
- जनयन्ति (janayanti) - they beget (they beget, they produce, they cause to be born)
- अव्रतान् (avratān) - who disregard their sacred vows (those without vows, those who have neglected their sacred duties)
- तु (tu) - but (but, however, indeed)
- यान् (yān) - whom (whom, which)
- तान् (tān) - those individuals (those, them)
- सावित्रीपरिभ्रष्टान् (sāvitrīparibhraṣṭān) - excluded from the sāvitrī initiation (those fallen from the Sāvitrī (initiation))
- व्रात्यान् (vrātyān) - as vrātyas (as Vrātyas (those fallen from ritual purity))
- इति (iti) - thus, as (thus, so, that)
- विनिर्दिशेत् (vinirdiśet) - one should designate (one should designate, one should declare, one should indicate)
Words meanings and morphology
द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (dvijātayaḥ) (the twice-born, members of the first three social classes (Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti
dvijāti - twice-born, a member of the three upper classes (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya); a bird; a snake; a tooth
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)
- dvi – two, twice
indeclinable - jāti – birth, lineage, caste
noun (feminine)
सवर्णासु (savarṇāsu) - in women of their own class (in women of the same color/class)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, plural of savarṇā
savarṇā - of the same color, of the same class/caste, a woman of the same caste
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+varṇa)
- sa – with, together with, similar
indeclinable - varṇa – color, class, caste
noun (masculine)
जनयन्ति (janayanti) - they beget (they beget, they produce, they cause to be born)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jan
Root: jan (class 4)
अव्रतान् (avratān) - who disregard their sacred vows (those without vows, those who have neglected their sacred duties)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of avrata
avrata - without sacred vows, neglecting religious duties, uninitiated
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vrata)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable - vrata – vow, sacred duty, religious observance
noun (neuter)
तु (tu) - but (but, however, indeed)
(indeclinable)
यान् (yān) - whom (whom, which)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what
तान् (tān) - those individuals (those, them)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it, those
सावित्रीपरिभ्रष्टान् (sāvitrīparibhraṣṭān) - excluded from the sāvitrī initiation (those fallen from the Sāvitrī (initiation))
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sāvitrīparibhraṣṭa
sāvitrīparibhraṣṭa - fallen from the Sāvitrī (Gāyatrī mantra or its initiation)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāvitrī+paribhraṣṭa)
- sāvitrī – the Sāvitrī (Gāyatrī) mantra, the Goddess Sāvitrī
noun (feminine) - paribhraṣṭa – fallen, lost, failed, degraded
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root bhraś (to fall) with upasarga pari
Prefix: pari
Root: bhraś (class 1)
व्रात्यान् (vrātyān) - as vrātyas (as Vrātyas (those fallen from ritual purity))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vrātya
vrātya - one who has not received the sacraments, esp. the sacred thread, at the proper time; an outcaste, a fallen person
इति (iti) - thus, as (thus, so, that)
(indeclinable)
विनिर्दिशेत् (vinirdiśet) - one should designate (one should designate, one should declare, one should indicate)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vinirdiś
Prefixes: vi+nir
Root: diś (class 6)