मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-53
न तैः समयमन्विच्छेत पुरुषो धर्ममाचरन ।
व्यवहारो मिथस्तेषां विवाहः सदृशैः सह ॥५३॥
व्यवहारो मिथस्तेषां विवाहः सदृशैः सह ॥५३॥
53. na taiḥ samayamanvicchet puruṣo dharmamācaran ,
vyavahāro mithasteṣāṁ vivāhaḥ sadṛśaiḥ saha.
vyavahāro mithasteṣāṁ vivāhaḥ sadṛśaiḥ saha.
53.
na taiḥ samayam anvicchet puruṣaḥ dharmam ācaran
vyavahāraḥ mithaḥ teṣām vivāhaḥ sadṛśaiḥ saha
vyavahāraḥ mithaḥ teṣām vivāhaḥ sadṛśaiḥ saha
53.
dharmam ācaran puruṣaḥ taiḥ samayam na anvicchet
teṣām vyavahāraḥ mithaḥ vivāhaḥ sadṛśaiḥ saha
teṣām vyavahāraḥ mithaḥ vivāhaḥ sadṛśaiḥ saha
53.
A person (puruṣa) practicing their own proper (dharma) should not seek any agreement with them. Their social dealings should be exclusively among themselves, and marriage should only be with those of similar status.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- तैः (taiḥ) - with the aforementioned outcasts (by them, with them)
- समयम् (samayam) - any form of social or legal agreement/interaction (agreement, covenant, convention, appointment, time)
- अन्विच्छेत् (anvicchet) - one should not attempt to establish contact or agreements (one should seek, one should search for, one should investigate)
- पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - any individual, especially one of the higher social classes (man, person, male, supreme cosmic person (puruṣa))
- धर्मम् (dharmam) - one's prescribed social and moral duty (duty, righteousness, law, constitution, intrinsic nature (dharma))
- आचरन् (ācaran) - one who is diligently fulfilling his social and moral obligations (practicing, observing, performing, behaving)
- व्यवहारः (vyavahāraḥ) - social or commercial dealings (intercourse, transaction, practice, custom, legal dispute, conduct)
- मिथः (mithaḥ) - exclusively among members of their own group (mutually, reciprocally, secretly, among themselves)
- तेषाम् (teṣām) - of these [outcasts] (of them)
- विवाहः (vivāhaḥ) - marriage, wedding
- सदृशैः (sadṛśaiḥ) - with members of their own caste/group (with similar ones, with equals, with those alike)
- सह (saha) - with, together with, along with
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
तैः (taiḥ) - with the aforementioned outcasts (by them, with them)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
समयम् (samayam) - any form of social or legal agreement/interaction (agreement, covenant, convention, appointment, time)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of samaya
samaya - agreement, covenant, convention, rule, time, occasion
Prefixes: sam+aya
Root: i (class 2)
अन्विच्छेत् (anvicchet) - one should not attempt to establish contact or agreements (one should seek, one should search for, one should investigate)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of anviṣ
Optative 3rd Person Singular
Prefix: anu
Root: iṣ (class 4)
पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - any individual, especially one of the higher social classes (man, person, male, supreme cosmic person (puruṣa))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, person, male, human being, spirit, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
धर्मम् (dharmam) - one's prescribed social and moral duty (duty, righteousness, law, constitution, intrinsic nature (dharma))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, justice, innate constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, essential nature, innate nature (dharma)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
आचरन् (ācaran) - one who is diligently fulfilling his social and moral obligations (practicing, observing, performing, behaving)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ācarat
ācarat - practicing, observing, performing, behaving
Present Active Participle
From verb ā-car (to practice, to behave, to perform)
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Functions as an adjective modifying 'puruṣaḥ'.
व्यवहारः (vyavahāraḥ) - social or commercial dealings (intercourse, transaction, practice, custom, legal dispute, conduct)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vyavahāra
vyavahāra - intercourse, transaction, practice, conduct, custom, legal procedure
From vi-ava-hṛ (to act, deal, manage)
Prefixes: vi+ava
Root: hṛ (class 1)
मिथः (mithaḥ) - exclusively among members of their own group (mutually, reciprocally, secretly, among themselves)
(indeclinable)
तेषाम् (teṣām) - of these [outcasts] (of them)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
विवाहः (vivāhaḥ) - marriage, wedding
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vivāha
vivāha - marriage, wedding
From vi-vah (to carry away, marry)
Prefix: vi
Root: vah (class 1)
सदृशैः (sadṛśaiḥ) - with members of their own caste/group (with similar ones, with equals, with those alike)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of sadṛśa
sadṛśa - like, similar, equal, resembling
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+dṛśa)
- sa – with, together, same
indeclinable - dṛśa – seeing, appearance, look
noun (masculine)
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Functions substantively, 'with similar ones'.
सह (saha) - with, together with, along with
(indeclinable)
Note: Governs instrumental case.