मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-79
शस्त्रास्त्रभृत्त्वं क्षत्रस्य वणिक्पशुकृषिर्विषः ।
आजीवनार्थं धर्मस्तु दानमध्ययनं यजिः ॥७९॥
आजीवनार्थं धर्मस्तु दानमध्ययनं यजिः ॥७९॥
79. śastrāstrabhṛttvaṁ kṣatrasya vaṇikpaśukṛṣirviṣaḥ ,
ājīvanārthaṁ dharmastu dānamadhyayanaṁ yajiḥ.
ājīvanārthaṁ dharmastu dānamadhyayanaṁ yajiḥ.
79.
śastrāstrabhṛttvam kṣatrasya vaṇikpaśukṛṣiḥ viśaḥ
ājīvanārtham dharmaḥ tu dānam adhyayanam yajiḥ
ājīvanārtham dharmaḥ tu dānam adhyayanam yajiḥ
79.
kṣatrasya śastrāstrabhṛttvam viśaḥ vaṇikpaśukṛṣiḥ
ājīvanārtham tu dānam adhyayanam yajiḥ dharmaḥ
ājīvanārtham tu dānam adhyayanam yajiḥ dharmaḥ
79.
The bearing of weapons and missiles is for the kṣatriya. Trade, animal husbandry, and agriculture are the livelihood for the vaiśya. But giving, studying, and performing Vedic rituals (yajña) constitute the essential nature (dharma) (of the Brahmin).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शस्त्रास्त्रभृत्त्वम् (śastrāstrabhṛttvam) - the state of bearing weapons and missiles, being a warrior
- क्षत्रस्य (kṣatrasya) - of the kṣatriya (warrior class)
- वणिक्पशुकृषिः (vaṇikpaśukṛṣiḥ) - trade, animal husbandry, agriculture
- विशः (viśaḥ) - of the vaiśya (class)
- आजीवनार्थम् (ājīvanārtham) - for the purpose of livelihood, as a means of living
- धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty, essential nature (dharma)
- तु (tu) - but, on the other hand
- दानम् (dānam) - giving, donation
- अध्ययनम् (adhyayanam) - study, learning (especially of the Vedas)
- यजिः (yajiḥ) - performing Vedic rituals (yajña)
Words meanings and morphology
शस्त्रास्त्रभृत्त्वम् (śastrāstrabhṛttvam) - the state of bearing weapons and missiles, being a warrior
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śastrāstrabhṛttva
śastrāstrabhṛttva - the state of carrying weapons and missiles
Compound type : tatpurusha (śastra+astra+bhṛt+tva)
- śastra – weapon, missile (used by hand)
noun (neuter) - astra – missile, projectile (thrown)
noun (neuter) - bhṛt – bearing, carrying, supporting
adjective
From root bhṛ, meaning to bear/carry.
Root: bhṛ (class 3) - tva – suffix forming abstract nouns, -ness, -hood
indeclinable (neuter)
क्षत्रस्य (kṣatrasya) - of the kṣatriya (warrior class)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of kṣatra
kṣatra - warrior class, rule, dominion, power
वणिक्पशुकृषिः (vaṇikpaśukṛṣiḥ) - trade, animal husbandry, agriculture
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vaṇikpaśukṛṣi
vaṇikpaśukṛṣi - trade, cattle rearing, and agriculture
Compound type : dvandva (vaṇij+paśu+kṛṣi)
- vaṇij – merchant, trader
noun (masculine) - paśu – animal, cattle
noun (masculine) - kṛṣi – agriculture, farming
noun (feminine)
Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
विशः (viśaḥ) - of the vaiśya (class)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of viś
viś - the vaiśya class, people, settlement
आजीवनार्थम् (ājīvanārtham) - for the purpose of livelihood, as a means of living
(indeclinable)
Compound type : tatpurusha (ājīvana+artha)
- ājīvana – livelihood, subsistence
noun (neuter)
Prefix: ā
Root: jīv (class 1) - artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
noun (masculine)
Note: Used adverbially to express purpose.
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty, essential nature (dharma)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - constitution, innate constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, essential nature, innate nature, duty, righteousness, law, virtue
तु (tu) - but, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
दानम् (dānam) - giving, donation
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna
dāna - giving, gift, donation, liberality
अध्ययनम् (adhyayanam) - study, learning (especially of the Vedas)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of adhyayana
adhyayana - study, reading, learning, especially of the Vedas
यजिः (yajiḥ) - performing Vedic rituals (yajña)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yaji
yaji - performing Vedic rituals (yajña), worship, sacrifice
noun of action
From root yaj with suffix -i
Root: yaj (class 1)