मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-40
सङ्करे जातयस्त्वेताः पितृमातृप्रदर्शिताः ।
प्रच्छन्ना वा प्रकाशा वा वेदितव्याः स्वकर्मभिः ॥४०॥
प्रच्छन्ना वा प्रकाशा वा वेदितव्याः स्वकर्मभिः ॥४०॥
40. saṅkare jātayastvetāḥ pitṛmātṛpradarśitāḥ ,
pracchannā vā prakāśā vā veditavyāḥ svakarmabhiḥ.
pracchannā vā prakāśā vā veditavyāḥ svakarmabhiḥ.
40.
saṅkare jātayaḥ tu etāḥ pitṛmātṛpradarśitāḥ
pracchannā vā prakāśā vā veditavyāḥ svakarmabhiḥ
pracchannā vā prakāśā vā veditavyāḥ svakarmabhiḥ
40.
saṅkare tu etāḥ jātayaḥ pitṛmātṛpradarśitāḥ
pracchannā vā prakāśā vā svakarmabhiḥ veditavyāḥ
pracchannā vā prakāśā vā svakarmabhiḥ veditavyāḥ
40.
Indeed, these mixed castes, whose origins are revealed by their parents, whether their status is concealed or evident, should be recognized by their own actions (karma) and occupations.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सङ्करे (saṅkare) - regarding mixed castes (in mixture, in confusion, in the case of intermixture)
- जातयः (jātayaḥ) - mixed castes (castes, species, births, kinds)
- तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)
- एताः (etāḥ) - these (referring to the mixed castes) (these)
- पितृमातृप्रदर्शिताः (pitṛmātṛpradarśitāḥ) - whose origins are revealed by their parents (shown by father and mother, indicated by parents)
- प्रच्छन्ना (pracchannā) - concealed (hidden, concealed, secret)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
- प्रकाशा (prakāśā) - evident (manifest, evident, shining, luminous)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
- वेदितव्याः (veditavyāḥ) - should be recognized (to be known, should be known, recognizable)
- स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by their own actions (karma) and occupations (by their own actions, by their own deeds, by their proper duties)
Words meanings and morphology
सङ्करे (saṅkare) - regarding mixed castes (in mixture, in confusion, in the case of intermixture)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saṅkara
saṅkara - mixture, confusion, intermixture (especially of castes)
Prefix: sam
Root: kṛ (class 8)
जातयः (jātayaḥ) - mixed castes (castes, species, births, kinds)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of jāti
jāti - birth, lineage, caste, species, kind
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject of the sentence.
तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)
एताः (etāḥ) - these (referring to the mixed castes) (these)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Agrees with 'jātayaḥ'
पितृमातृप्रदर्शिताः (pitṛmātṛpradarśitāḥ) - whose origins are revealed by their parents (shown by father and mother, indicated by parents)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of pitṛmātṛpradarśita
pitṛmātṛpradarśita - indicated or demonstrated by father and mother
past passive participle
from pra- √dṛś with pitṛmātṛ as agent
Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛ+mātṛ+pradarśita)
- pitṛ – father
noun (masculine) - mātṛ – mother
noun (feminine) - pradarśita – shown, displayed, indicated
adjective (masculine)
past passive participle
from pra- √dṛś
Prefix: pra
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'jātayaḥ'
प्रच्छन्ना (pracchannā) - concealed (hidden, concealed, secret)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of pracchanna
pracchanna - hidden, concealed, secret, covered
past passive participle
from pra- √chad
Prefix: pra
Root: chad (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'jātayaḥ'
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunctive particle
प्रकाशा (prakāśā) - evident (manifest, evident, shining, luminous)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of prakāśa
prakāśa - shining, luminous, manifest, evident, public
from pra- √kāś
Prefix: pra
Root: kāś (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'jātayaḥ'
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunctive particle
वेदितव्याः (veditavyāḥ) - should be recognized (to be known, should be known, recognizable)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of veditavya
veditavya - to be known, knowable, recognizable
gerundive (kartavya)
from root vid- 'to know', with suffix -tavya
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Agrees with 'jātayaḥ'
स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by their own actions (karma) and occupations (by their own actions, by their own deeds, by their proper duties)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of svakarma
svakarma - one's own action, one's own duty, one's own business/occupation
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+karma)
- sva – own, one's own
pronoun (masculine) - karma – action, deed, work, duty, religious rite
noun (neuter)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Instrument by which they are to be known.