मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-81
अजीवंस्तु यथोक्तेन ब्राह्मणः स्वेन कर्मणा ।
जीवेत क्षत्रियधर्मेण स ह्यस्य प्रत्यनन्तरः ॥८१॥
जीवेत क्षत्रियधर्मेण स ह्यस्य प्रत्यनन्तरः ॥८१॥
81. ajīvaṁstu yathoktena brāhmaṇaḥ svena karmaṇā ,
jīvet kṣatriyadharmeṇa sa hyasya pratyanantaraḥ.
jīvet kṣatriyadharmeṇa sa hyasya pratyanantaraḥ.
81.
ajīvan tu yathā uktena brāhmaṇaḥ svena karmaṇā
jīveta kṣatriyadharmeṇa saḥ hi asya pratyanantaraḥ
jīveta kṣatriyadharmeṇa saḥ hi asya pratyanantaraḥ
81.
tu brāhmaṇaḥ svena yathā uktena karmaṇā ajīvan
kṣatriyadharmeṇa jīveta hi saḥ asya pratyanantaraḥ
kṣatriyadharmeṇa jīveta hi saḥ asya pratyanantaraḥ
81.
But if a brahmin is not able to live by his own prescribed duties (karma), he should live by the essential nature (dharma) of a kṣatriya, for that (path) is indeed immediately next to his own.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अजीवन् (ajīvan) - not living, not subsisting
- तु (tu) - but, on the other hand
- यथा (yathā) - as, in the manner that
- उक्तेन (uktena) - by what has been said/prescribed
- ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin
- स्वेन (svena) - by his own
- कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by his prescribed (Brahminical) duties (by his duty, by his work)
- जीवेत (jīveta) - he should live, he should subsist
- क्षत्रियधर्मेण (kṣatriyadharmeṇa) - by the (dharma) of a kṣatriya
- सः (saḥ) - that (path/dharma of kṣatriya) (he, that)
- हि (hi) - indeed, for
- अस्य (asya) - of this (brahmin's dharma) (of this (masculine/neuter singular))
- प्रत्यनन्तरः (pratyanantaraḥ) - immediately next, closely following
Words meanings and morphology
अजीवन् (ajīvan) - not living, not subsisting
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ajīvat
ajīvat - not living, not subsisting
Present Active Participle
From root jīv with negative prefix 'a'
Prefix: a
Root: jīv (class 1)
तु (tu) - but, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
यथा (yathā) - as, in the manner that
(indeclinable)
उक्तेन (uktena) - by what has been said/prescribed
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of ukta
ukta - said, spoken, prescribed, mentioned
Past Passive Participle
From root vac (irregular formation)
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Agrees with 'karmaṇā'.
ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, member of the priestly class
स्वेन (svena) - by his own
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of sva
sva - one's own, self
Note: Agrees with 'karmaṇā'.
कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by his prescribed (Brahminical) duties (by his duty, by his work)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, duty, essential nature (dharma)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
जीवेत (jīveta) - he should live, he should subsist
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of jīv
Root: jīv (class 1)
क्षत्रियधर्मेण (kṣatriyadharmeṇa) - by the (dharma) of a kṣatriya
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣatriyadharma
kṣatriyadharma - the duty or essential nature (dharma) of a kṣatriya
Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣatriya+dharma)
- kṣatriya – a kṣatriya, member of the warrior/ruling class
noun (masculine) - dharma – constitution, innate constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, essential nature, innate nature, duty, righteousness, law, virtue
noun (masculine)
सः (saḥ) - that (path/dharma of kṣatriya) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
हि (hi) - indeed, for
(indeclinable)
अस्य (asya) - of this (brahmin's dharma) (of this (masculine/neuter singular))
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
प्रत्यनन्तरः (pratyanantaraḥ) - immediately next, closely following
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyanantara
pratyanantara - immediately following, contiguous, next door, nearest
Compound type : tatpurusha (prati+anantara)
- prati – towards, against, in return
indeclinable - anantara – without interval, immediately succeeding, contiguous
adjective
Prefix: an