मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-30
यथैव शूद्रो ब्राह्मण्यां बाह्यं जन्तुं प्रसूयते ।
तथा बाह्यतरं बाह्यश्चातुर्वर्ण्ये प्रसूयते ॥३०॥
तथा बाह्यतरं बाह्यश्चातुर्वर्ण्ये प्रसूयते ॥३०॥
30. yathaiva śūdro brāhmaṇyāṁ bāhyaṁ jantuṁ prasūyate ,
tathā bāhyataraṁ bāhyaścāturvarṇye prasūyate.
tathā bāhyataraṁ bāhyaścāturvarṇye prasūyate.
30.
yathā eva śūdraḥ brāhmaṇyām bāhyam jantum prasūyate
tathā bāhyaḥ cāturvarṇye bāhyataram prasūyate
tathā bāhyaḥ cāturvarṇye bāhyataram prasūyate
30.
yathā eva śūdraḥ brāhmaṇyām bāhyam jantum prasūyate
tathā bāhyaḥ cāturvarṇye bāhyataram prasūyate
tathā bāhyaḥ cāturvarṇye bāhyataram prasūyate
30.
Just as a śūdra (man) begetting offspring with a brāhmaṇī (woman) produces an 'outsider' creature, similarly, an 'outsider' (man) begetting offspring with a woman of the four (principal) social classes (varṇas) produces an even greater 'outsider'.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यथा (yathā) - as, like, just as
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra (man), a man of the fourth class
- ब्राह्मण्याम् (brāhmaṇyām) - in a brāhmaṇī (woman), from a brāhmaṇī
- बाह्यम् (bāhyam) - an outcast offspring (an outsider, expelled, external)
- जन्तुम् (jantum) - a creature, living being, offspring
- प्रसूयते (prasūyate) - gives birth, produces, generates
- तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus
- बाह्यः (bāhyaḥ) - an outsider, excluded person
- चातुर्वर्ण्ये (cāturvarṇye) - from a woman of the four (principal) social classes (varṇas) (in the four (principal) social classes (varṇas))
- बाह्यतरम् (bāhyataram) - an even more outcast offspring (a greater outsider, more external, more excluded)
- प्रसूयते (prasūyate) - gives birth, produces, generates
Words meanings and morphology
यथा (yathā) - as, like, just as
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra (man), a man of the fourth class
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a man of the fourth social class (varṇa)
ब्राह्मण्याम् (brāhmaṇyām) - in a brāhmaṇī (woman), from a brāhmaṇī
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of brāhmaṇī
brāhmaṇī - a brāhmaṇa woman
feminine form of brāhmaṇa
Note: Often used to denote 'with' or 'from' when referring to parentage.
बाह्यम् (bāhyam) - an outcast offspring (an outsider, expelled, external)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bāhya
bāhya - external, outside, excluded, an outcast
from bahis 'outside'
Note: Qualifies 'jantum'.
जन्तुम् (jantum) - a creature, living being, offspring
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of jantu
jantu - creature, living being, animal, offspring
प्रसूयते (prasūyate) - gives birth, produces, generates
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prasū
root sū + prefix pra
Prefix: pra
Root: sū (class 4)
Note: The verb is in the middle voice (ātmanepada) for third person singular present tense.
तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus
(indeclinable)
बाह्यः (bāhyaḥ) - an outsider, excluded person
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bāhya
bāhya - external, outside, excluded, an outcast
Note: Refers to the male progenitor.
चातुर्वर्ण्ये (cāturvarṇye) - from a woman of the four (principal) social classes (varṇas) (in the four (principal) social classes (varṇas))
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of cāturvarṇya
cāturvarṇya - the system of four social classes (varṇas), belonging to the four varṇas
from caturvarṇa 'four varṇas' + ya (taddhita suffix)
Compound type : tatpurusha (catur+varṇa)
- catur – four
numeral - varṇa – color, class, social order, varṇa
noun (masculine)
Note: Locative case here denotes the source or context of birth, similar to 'brāhmaṇyām'.
बाह्यतरम् (bāhyataram) - an even more outcast offspring (a greater outsider, more external, more excluded)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bāhyatara
bāhyatara - more external, more excluded, a greater outsider
comparative degree of bāhya
Note: Agrees with an implied 'jantum' or 'offspring'.
प्रसूयते (prasūyate) - gives birth, produces, generates
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prasū
root sū + prefix pra
Prefix: pra
Root: sū (class 4)
Note: The verb is in the middle voice (ātmanepada) for third person singular present tense.