मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-34
निषादो मार्गवं सूते दासं नौकर्मजीविनम ।
कैवर्तमिति यं प्राहुरार्यावर्तनिवासिनः ॥३४॥
कैवर्तमिति यं प्राहुरार्यावर्तनिवासिनः ॥३४॥
34. niṣādo mārgavaṁ sūte dāsaṁ naukarmajīvinam ,
kaivartamiti yaṁ prāhurāryāvartanivāsinaḥ.
kaivartamiti yaṁ prāhurāryāvartanivāsinaḥ.
34.
niṣādaḥ mārgavam sūte dāsam naukarmajīvinam
kaivartam iti yam prāhuḥ āryāvartanivāsinaḥ
kaivartam iti yam prāhuḥ āryāvartanivāsinaḥ
34.
niṣādaḥ mārgavam naukarmajīvinam dāsam sūte
āryāvartanivāsinaḥ yam iti kaivartam prāhuḥ
āryāvartanivāsinaḥ yam iti kaivartam prāhuḥ
34.
A niṣāda procreates a Mārgava, who is a servant living by boat-work. The inhabitants of Āryāvarta call him a Kaivarta (boatman).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- निषादः (niṣādaḥ) - a man of the Niṣāda caste (as father) (a man of a mixed caste, an outcaste, a hunter)
- मार्गवम् (mārgavam) - a child of the Mārgava mixed caste (a Mārgava (son of a Niṣāda father and Āyogavī mother), a boatman)
- सूते (sūte) - gives birth to (gives birth, procreates, produces)
- दासम् (dāsam) - acting as a servant (servant, slave, attendant)
- नौकर्मजीविनम् (naukarmajīvinam) - one whose livelihood is boat-work (one living by boat-work, a boatman)
- कैवर्तम् (kaivartam) - a boatman, a fisherman (a fisherman, a boatman)
- इति (iti) - thus, as (introducing a quotation or reported speech) (thus, in this manner, so, such)
- यम् (yam) - whom (whom, which)
- प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they call (they say, they declare, they call)
- आर्यावर्तनिवासिनः (āryāvartanivāsinaḥ) - the people residing in the land of Āryāvarta (inhabitants of Āryāvarta)
Words meanings and morphology
निषादः (niṣādaḥ) - a man of the Niṣāda caste (as father) (a man of a mixed caste, an outcaste, a hunter)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niṣāda
niṣāda - a man of a mixed caste (son of a Brāhmaṇa father and Śūdra mother), an outcaste, a hunter, a fisherman
Root: sad (class 1)
मार्गवम् (mārgavam) - a child of the Mārgava mixed caste (a Mārgava (son of a Niṣāda father and Āyogavī mother), a boatman)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of mārgava
mārgava - a Mārgava (son of a Niṣāda father and Āyogavī mother, or Niṣāda father and Vaidehikā mother), a boatman, a hunter
सूते (sūte) - gives birth to (gives birth, procreates, produces)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sū
Root: sū (class 2)
Note: From root SŪ (II.2) 'to bring forth'
दासम् (dāsam) - acting as a servant (servant, slave, attendant)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dāsa
dāsa - servant, slave, attendant, worshipper
नौकर्मजीविनम् (naukarmajīvinam) - one whose livelihood is boat-work (one living by boat-work, a boatman)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of naukarmajīvin
naukarmajīvin - one who lives by boat-work, a boatman
compound adjective
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nau+karma+jīvin)
- nau – boat, ship
noun (feminine) - karma – action, work, deed, religious rite
noun (neuter)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - jīvin – living, existing, earning a livelihood (often as suffix)
adjective (masculine)
agent suffix
From root jīv 'to live' + -in (agent suffix)
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: Qualifies mārgavam
कैवर्तम् (kaivartam) - a boatman, a fisherman (a fisherman, a boatman)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kaivarta
kaivarta - a fisherman, a boatman, an inhabitant of an island, a man of a mixed caste
इति (iti) - thus, as (introducing a quotation or reported speech) (thus, in this manner, so, such)
(indeclinable)
यम् (yam) - whom (whom, which)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)
masculine, singular, accusative
Note: Refers to mārgavam
प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they call (they say, they declare, they call)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pra-ah
Irregular present tense form of root ah with prefix pra.
Prefix: pra
Root: ah (class 2)
Note: Root 'ah' is defective, only used in certain forms.
आर्यावर्तनिवासिनः (āryāvartanivāsinaḥ) - the people residing in the land of Āryāvarta (inhabitants of Āryāvarta)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of āryāvartanivāsin
āryāvartanivāsin - an inhabitant of Āryāvarta
compound noun
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āryāvarta+nivāsin)
- āryāvarta – the land of the Āryas, a region in Northern India
proper noun (masculine) - nivāsin – dwelling, residing, an inhabitant
adjective (masculine)
agent suffix
From ni-vas 'to dwell' + -in (agent suffix)
Prefix: ni
Root: vas (class 1)