मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-78
वैश्यं प्रति तथैवैते निवर्तेरन्निति स्थितिः ।
न तौ प्रति हि तान धर्मान मनुराह प्रजापतिः ॥७८॥
न तौ प्रति हि तान धर्मान मनुराह प्रजापतिः ॥७८॥
78. vaiśyaṁ prati tathaivaite nivarteranniti sthitiḥ ,
na tau prati hi tān dharmān manurāha prajāpatiḥ.
na tau prati hi tān dharmān manurāha prajāpatiḥ.
78.
vaiśyam prati tathā eva ete nivarteran iti sthitiḥ
na tau prati hi tān dharmān manuḥ āha prajāpatiḥ
na tau prati hi tān dharmān manuḥ āha prajāpatiḥ
78.
ete tathā eva vaiśyam prati nivarteran iti sthitiḥ
hi prajāpatiḥ manuḥ tān dharmān tau prati na āha
hi prajāpatiḥ manuḥ tān dharmān tau prati na āha
78.
These (principles) should apply to a vaiśya in the same way; this is the established rule. For indeed, Manu, the lord of creation, did not declare those (specific, higher) duties (dharma) for those two (classes – kṣatriyas and vaiśyas).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वैश्यम् (vaiśyam) - to a vaiśya (member of the merchant/farmer class)
- प्रति (prati) - towards, regarding, concerning
- तथा (tathā) - in the same way, just so
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)
- निवर्तेरन् (nivarteran) - they should be observed, they should apply
- इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating end of quote/thought
- स्थितिः (sthitiḥ) - established rule, principle, state, position
- न (na) - not
- तौ (tau) - to the kṣatriyas and vaiśyas (implied from context) (to those two (masculine dual))
- प्रति (prati) - towards, regarding, concerning
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
- तान् (tān) - those (specific, higher) duties (dharma) (those (masculine plural))
- धर्मान् (dharmān) - specific, higher duties (e.g., of brahmins) (duties, natural laws)
- मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (the lawgiver)
- आह (āha) - said, declared
- प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - Manu, as the lord of creation (lord of creation, progenitor)
Words meanings and morphology
वैश्यम् (vaiśyam) - to a vaiśya (member of the merchant/farmer class)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vaiśya
vaiśya - a member of the third social class, merchant, farmer
प्रति (prati) - towards, regarding, concerning
(indeclinable)
तथा (tathā) - in the same way, just so
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
निवर्तेरन् (nivarteran) - they should be observed, they should apply
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of nivṛt
Prefix: ni
Root: vṛt (class 1)
इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating end of quote/thought
(indeclinable)
स्थितिः (sthitiḥ) - established rule, principle, state, position
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of sthiti
sthiti - standing, dwelling, established state, rule, position
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
तौ (tau) - to the kṣatriyas and vaiśyas (implied from context) (to those two (masculine dual))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Used with prati, which governs the accusative case.
प्रति (prati) - towards, regarding, concerning
(indeclinable)
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
(indeclinable)
तान् (tān) - those (specific, higher) duties (dharma) (those (masculine plural))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
धर्मान् (dharmān) - specific, higher duties (e.g., of brahmins) (duties, natural laws)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma
dharma - constitution, innate constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, essential nature, innate nature, duty, righteousness, law, virtue
मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (the lawgiver)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of manu
manu - Manu, human, man
आह (āha) - said, declared
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah
Irregular perfect tense form
Root: ah (class 2)
प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - Manu, as the lord of creation (lord of creation, progenitor)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prajāpati
prajāpati - lord of creation, progenitor, a creator deity
Compound type : tatpurusha (prajā+pati)
- prajā – offspring, progeny, creature, people
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband
noun (masculine)