मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-112
शिलौञ्छमप्याददीत विप्रोऽजीवन यतस्ततः ।
प्रतिग्रहात शिलः श्रेयांस्ततोऽप्युञ्छः प्रशस्यते ॥११२॥
प्रतिग्रहात शिलः श्रेयांस्ततोऽप्युञ्छः प्रशस्यते ॥११२॥
112. śilauñchamapyādadīta vipro'jīvan yatastataḥ ,
pratigrahāt śilaḥ śreyāṁstato'pyuñchaḥ praśasyate.
pratigrahāt śilaḥ śreyāṁstato'pyuñchaḥ praśasyate.
112.
śilauñcham api ādadīta vipraḥ ajīvan yataḥ tataḥ
pratigrahāt śilaḥ śreyān tataḥ api uñchaḥ praśasyate
pratigrahāt śilaḥ śreyān tataḥ api uñchaḥ praśasyate
112.
ajīvan vipraḥ yataḥ tataḥ śilauñcham api ādadīta
pratigrahāt śilaḥ śreyān tataḥ api uñchaḥ praśasyate
pratigrahāt śilaḥ śreyān tataḥ api uñchaḥ praśasyate
112.
A Brahmin, if unable to sustain himself, should accept fallen grains (śila) and picked-up grains (uñcha) from anywhere. Gleaning (śila) is superior to accepting gifts, and picking up grains (uñcha) is even more highly praised than that.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शिलौञ्छम् (śilauñcham) - fallen grains (śila) and picked-up grains (uñcha) (gleaning and picking up grains)
- अपि (api) - even, also
- आददीत (ādadīta) - one should take, should accept, may take
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin (a Brahmin, an inspired person, a sage)
- अजीवन् (ajīvan) - if unable to sustain himself (not living, not sustaining oneself)
- यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from which
- ततः (tataḥ) - from there, from that
- प्रतिग्रहात् (pratigrahāt) - than the acceptance of gifts, from accepting gifts
- शिलः (śilaḥ) - the practice of gleaning (śila) (gleaning)
- श्रेयान् (śreyān) - better, superior, more excellent
- ततः (tataḥ) - than that (referring to 'śila') (than that, after that)
- अपि (api) - even more (even, also)
- उञ्छः (uñchaḥ) - the practice of picking up grains (uñcha) (picking up grains)
- प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is even more highly praised (is praised, is commended, is preferred)
Words meanings and morphology
शिलौञ्छम् (śilauñcham) - fallen grains (śila) and picked-up grains (uñcha) (gleaning and picking up grains)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śilauñcha
śilauñcha - a subsistence method involving gleaning and picking up grains
Dvandva compound of śila (gleaning) and uñcha (picking up grains).
Compound type : dvandva (śila+uñcha)
- śila – gleaning, picking up ears of corn or grains left by reapers
noun (masculine) - uñcha – picking up single grains or scattered corn
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of 'ādadīta'.
अपि (api) - even, also
(indeclinable)
Particle.
Note: Emphasizes the permissibility of this method even in distress.
आददीत (ādadīta) - one should take, should accept, may take
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of dā
Root in 3rd class. Atmanepada, Optative mood.
Prefix: ā
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Prescriptive mood, 'should take'.
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin (a Brahmin, an inspired person, a sage)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - a Brahmin, inspired, wise, a sage
From root vip (to tremble, inspire).
Note: Subject of 'ādadīta'.
अजीवन् (ajīvan) - if unable to sustain himself (not living, not sustaining oneself)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ajīvat
ajīvat - not living, unable to sustain oneself
Present Active Participle (negative)
Negative prefix a- + present active participle of root jīv (to live).
Prefix: a
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'vipraḥ'.
यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from which
(indeclinable)
Ablative of ya.
ततः (tataḥ) - from there, from that
(indeclinable)
Ablative of ta.
प्रतिग्रहात् (pratigrahāt) - than the acceptance of gifts, from accepting gifts
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of pratigraha
pratigraha - acceptance, receipt, gift
From prati- + grah (to seize, take)
Prefix: prati
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Used in comparison ('than X').
शिलः (śilaḥ) - the practice of gleaning (śila) (gleaning)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śila
śila - gleaning, picking up ears of corn or grains left by reapers
Note: Subject of the comparison.
श्रेयान् (śreyān) - better, superior, more excellent
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śreyas
śreyas - better, superior, more excellent, welfare, good
Comparative degree of śrī (prosperity) or praśasya (praiseworthy).
Note: Agrees with 'śilaḥ'.
ततः (tataḥ) - than that (referring to 'śila') (than that, after that)
(indeclinable)
Ablative of ta.
अपि (api) - even more (even, also)
(indeclinable)
Particle.
Note: Adds emphasis, 'even more'.
उञ्छः (uñchaḥ) - the practice of picking up grains (uñcha) (picking up grains)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of uñcha
uñcha - picking up single grains or scattered corn, gleaning
From root uñch (to gather, pick up).
Root: uñch (class 6)
Note: Subject of the second part of the comparison.
प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is even more highly praised (is praised, is commended, is preferred)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śaṃs
Root in 1st class. Passive voice, Present tense.
Prefix: pra
Root: śaṃs (class 1)
Note: Singular, agreeing with 'uñchaḥ'.