मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-110
याजनाध्यापने नित्यं क्रियेते संस्कृतात्मनाम ।
प्रतिग्रहस्तु क्रियते शूद्रादप्यन्त्यजन्मनः ॥११०॥
प्रतिग्रहस्तु क्रियते शूद्रादप्यन्त्यजन्मनः ॥११०॥
110. yājanādhyāpane nityaṁ kriyete saṁskṛtātmanām ,
pratigrahastu kriyate śūdrādapyantyajanmanaḥ.
pratigrahastu kriyate śūdrādapyantyajanmanaḥ.
110.
yājanādhyāpane nityaṃ kriyete saṃskṛtātmanām
pratigrahaḥ tu kriyate śūdrāt api antyajanmanaḥ
pratigrahaḥ tu kriyate śūdrāt api antyajanmanaḥ
110.
saṃskṛtātmanām nityaṃ yājanādhyāpane kriyete tu
pratigrahaḥ śūdrāt api antyajanmanaḥ kriyate
pratigrahaḥ śūdrāt api antyajanmanaḥ kriyate
110.
Officiating at (Vedic rituals) (yajña) and teaching are always to be performed for those with purified inner selves (ātman). However, the acceptance of gifts is permissible even from a śūdra or a person of the lowest birth.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- याजनाध्यापने (yājanādhyāpane) - officiating at (Vedic rituals) and teaching (as subjects of action) (in officiating at Vedic rituals and teaching)
- नित्यं (nityaṁ) - always, constantly, perpetually
- क्रियेते (kriyete) - are always to be performed (implying a prescriptive sense) (are performed, are done)
- संस्कृतात्मनाम् (saṁskṛtātmanām) - for those with purified inner selves (ātman) (of those whose selves are refined, for those whose selves are purified)
- प्रतिग्रहः (pratigrahaḥ) - acceptance of gifts, receiving
- तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand
- क्रियते (kriyate) - is permissible, may occur (is done, is performed)
- शूद्रात् (śūdrāt) - from a śūdra
- अपि (api) - even, also
- अन्त्यजन्मनः (antyajanmanaḥ) - from one born of the lowest class, from an outcaste
Words meanings and morphology
याजनाध्यापने (yājanādhyāpane) - officiating at (Vedic rituals) and teaching (as subjects of action) (in officiating at Vedic rituals and teaching)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, dual of yājanādhyāpana
yājanādhyāpana - officiating at Vedic rituals and teaching
Compound of yājana (officiating at Vedic rituals) and adhyāpana (teaching)
Compound type : dvandva (yājana+adhyāpana)
- yājana – officiating at Vedic rituals
noun (neuter)
agent noun from causative
Derived from root yaj (to worship, sacrifice) + णिच् (causative) + ल्युट् (ana)
Root: yaj (class 1) - adhyāpana – teaching
noun (neuter)
agent noun from causative
Derived from root i (to go) with prefix adhi + णिच् (causative) + ल्युट् (ana)
Prefix: adhi
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Subject of the verb 'kriyete'.
नित्यं (nityaṁ) - always, constantly, perpetually
(indeclinable)
From ni + tiya (P. 4.4.92) or ni + tyap (Uṇ. 4.104)
Note: Used adverbially.
क्रियेते (kriyete) - are always to be performed (implying a prescriptive sense) (are performed, are done)
(verb)
3rd person , dual, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ
Root in 8th class, Passive voice, Present tense.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Dual because 'yājanādhyāpane' is dual.
संस्कृतात्मनाम् (saṁskṛtātmanām) - for those with purified inner selves (ātman) (of those whose selves are refined, for those whose selves are purified)
(adjective)
Genitive, plural of saṃskṛtātman
saṁskṛtātman - having a refined self, purified self
Possessive compound (bahuvrīhi)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃskṛta+ātman)
- saṃskṛta – refined, purified, cultured
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From saṃ- + kṛ (to do, make)
Prefix: sam
Root: kṛ (class 8) - ātman – self, soul, essence
noun (masculine)
Note: Genitive plural used in the sense of "for them" or "belonging to them".
प्रतिग्रहः (pratigrahaḥ) - acceptance of gifts, receiving
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pratigraha
pratigraha - acceptance, receipt, gift
From prati- + grah (to seize, take)
Prefix: prati
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Subject of the second clause.
तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
Particle indicating contrast or emphasis.
क्रियते (kriyate) - is permissible, may occur (is done, is performed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ
Root in 8th class, Passive voice, Present tense.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Singular because 'pratigrahaḥ' is singular.
शूद्रात् (śūdrāt) - from a śūdra
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a member of the fourth social class
Note: Denotes the source from which gifts are received.
अपि (api) - even, also
(indeclinable)
Particle.
Note: Emphasizes that even from these sources, acceptance is allowed.
अन्त्यजन्मनः (antyajanmanaḥ) - from one born of the lowest class, from an outcaste
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of antyajanman
antyajanman - one born of the lowest class, an outcaste
Compound of antya (lowest, last) and janman (birth).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antya+janman)
- antya – last, lowest, extreme
adjective - janman – birth, origin, existence
noun (neuter)
From root jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Ablative case, agreeing with 'śūdrāt'.