मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-45
मुखबाहूरुपद्जानां या लोके जातयो बहिः ।
म्लेच्छवाचश्चार्यवाचः सर्वे ते दस्यवः स्मृताः ॥४५॥
म्लेच्छवाचश्चार्यवाचः सर्वे ते दस्यवः स्मृताः ॥४५॥
45. mukhabāhūrupadjānāṁ yā loke jātayo bahiḥ ,
mlecchavācaścāryavācaḥ sarve te dasyavaḥ smṛtāḥ.
mlecchavācaścāryavācaḥ sarve te dasyavaḥ smṛtāḥ.
45.
mukha bāhu ūru pad jānām yāḥ loke jātayaḥ bahiḥ
mleccha vācaḥ ca ārya vācaḥ sarve te dasyavaḥ smṛtāḥ
mleccha vācaḥ ca ārya vācaḥ sarve te dasyavaḥ smṛtāḥ
45.
yāḥ loke mukha bāhu ūru pad jānām bahiḥ jātayaḥ
mleccha vācaḥ ca ārya vācaḥ te sarve dasyavaḥ smṛtāḥ
mleccha vācaḥ ca ārya vācaḥ te sarve dasyavaḥ smṛtāḥ
45.
Those communities in the world which are outside (the system of) those born from the mouth, arms, thighs, and feet (i.e., the four varṇas), whether their speech is that of barbarians (mleccha) or that of noble people (ārya), all of them are considered plunderers (dasyu).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मुख (mukha) - mouth
- बाहु (bāhu) - arm
- ऊरु (ūru) - thigh
- पद् (pad) - foot
- जानाम् (jānām) - of those born, of those originated
- याः (yāḥ) - which, those who
- लोके (loke) - in the world, among people
- जातयः (jātayaḥ) - castes, communities, groups
- बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, externally
- म्लेच्छ (mleccha) - barbarian, non-Aryan
- वाचः (vācaḥ) - whose speech, whose language
- च (ca) - and
- आर्य (ārya) - noble, Aryan
- वाचः (vācaḥ) - whose speech, whose language
- सर्वे (sarve) - all
- ते (te) - they
- दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - plunderers, barbarians, outcasts
- स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are considered, are remembered, are declared
Words meanings and morphology
मुख (mukha) - mouth
(noun)
neuter, singular of mukha
mukha - mouth, face, opening, chief
Note: Here in stem form within a compound.
बाहु (bāhu) - arm
(noun)
masculine, singular of bāhu
bāhu - arm, fore-arm
Note: Here in stem form within a compound.
ऊरु (ūru) - thigh
(noun)
masculine, singular of ūru
ūru - thigh, broad, great
Note: Here in stem form within a compound.
पद् (pad) - foot
(noun)
masculine, singular of pād
pād - foot, step, quarter
Note: Here in stem form within a compound.
जानाम् (jānām) - of those born, of those originated
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of ja
ja - born from, produced from, son
Suffix -ja (from root jan) meaning 'born'.
Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (mukha+bāhu+ūru+pād+ja)
- mukha – mouth, face, opening, chief
noun (neuter) - bāhu – arm, fore-arm
noun (masculine) - ūru – thigh, broad, great
noun (masculine) - pād – foot, step, quarter
noun (masculine) - ja – born from, produced from, son
adjective (masculine)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Refers to the traditional four varṇas.
याः (yāḥ) - which, those who
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of yad
yad - which, what, who
लोके (loke) - in the world, among people
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, people, realm, space
जातयः (jātayaḥ) - castes, communities, groups
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of jāti
jāti - birth, lineage, caste, community, genus
Root: jan (class 4)
बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, externally
(indeclinable)
म्लेच्छ (mleccha) - barbarian, non-Aryan
(noun)
masculine, singular of mleccha
mleccha - barbarian, foreigner, non-Aryan, one whose speech is corrupt
Note: Here in stem form within a compound.
वाचः (vācaḥ) - whose speech, whose language
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of vāc
vāc - speech, language, voice, word
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mleccha+vāc)
- mleccha – barbarian, foreigner, non-Aryan, one whose speech is corrupt
noun (masculine) - vāc – speech, language, voice, word
noun (feminine)
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Agrees with 'jātayaḥ'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
आर्य (ārya) - noble, Aryan
(adjective)
masculine, singular of ārya
ārya - noble, respectable, Aryan (as a linguistic or cultural term)
Note: Here in stem form within a compound.
वाचः (vācaḥ) - whose speech, whose language
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of vāc
vāc - speech, language, voice, word
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ārya+vāc)
- ārya – noble, respectable, Aryan (as a linguistic or cultural term)
noun/adjective (masculine) - vāc – speech, language, voice, word
noun (feminine)
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Agrees with 'jātayaḥ'.
सर्वे (sarve) - all
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, entire
ते (te) - they
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it, they
दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - plunderers, barbarians, outcasts
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dasyu
dasyu - plunderer, robber, barbarian, non-Aryan, outcast
स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are considered, are remembered, are declared
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of smṛta
smṛta - remembered, traditional, known as, considered
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root 'smṛ' (to remember).
Root: smṛ (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'dasyavaḥ' and 'te'.