मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-10, verse-36
कारावरो निषादात तु चर्मकारः प्रसूयते ।
वैदेहिकादन्ध्रमेदौ बहिर्ग्रामप्रतिश्रयौ ॥३६॥
वैदेहिकादन्ध्रमेदौ बहिर्ग्रामप्रतिश्रयौ ॥३६॥
36. kārāvaro niṣādāt tu carmakāraḥ prasūyate ,
vaidehikādandhramedau bahirgrāmapratiśrayau.
vaidehikādandhramedau bahirgrāmapratiśrayau.
36.
kārāvaraḥ niṣādāt tu carmakāraḥ prasūyate
vaidehikāt andhra-medau bahiḥ-grāma-pratiśrayau
vaidehikāt andhra-medau bahiḥ-grāma-pratiśrayau
36.
tu niṣādāt kārāvaraḥ carmakāraḥ prasūyate vaidehikāt
bahiḥ-grāma-pratiśrayau andhra-medau (prasūyate)
bahiḥ-grāma-pratiśrayau andhra-medau (prasūyate)
36.
Indeed, a Kārāvara, a leather-worker, is born from a niṣāda. From a Vaidehika are produced the Andhra and Meda, both of whom dwell outside the village.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कारावरः (kārāvaraḥ) - a Kārāvara by caste (a Kārāvara (a mixed caste), a leather-worker)
- निषादात् (niṣādāt) - from a male of the Niṣāda caste (as father) (from a Niṣāda)
- तु (tu) - indeed, but (but, indeed, on the other hand)
- चर्मकारः (carmakāraḥ) - one who works with leather (a leather-worker, shoemaker)
- प्रसूयते (prasūyate) - is born (is born, is produced, procreates)
- वैदेहिकात् (vaidehikāt) - from a male of the Vaidehika caste (as father) (from a Vaidehika)
- अन्ध्र-मेदौ (andhra-medau) - the Andhra and Meda castes (Andhra and Meda (two mixed castes))
- बहिः-ग्राम-प्रतिश्रयौ (bahiḥ-grāma-pratiśrayau) - who live outside the main settlement (having their abode outside the village, dwelling outside the village)
Words meanings and morphology
कारावरः (kārāvaraḥ) - a Kārāvara by caste (a Kārāvara (a mixed caste), a leather-worker)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kārāvara
kārāvara - a Kārāvara (a mixed caste, son of Niṣāda and Vaidehī or Caṇḍāla and Niṣādī), a leather-worker, shoemaker
निषादात् (niṣādāt) - from a male of the Niṣāda caste (as father) (from a Niṣāda)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of niṣāda
niṣāda - a man of a mixed caste (son of a Brāhmaṇa father and Śūdra mother), an outcaste, a hunter, a fisherman
Root: sad (class 1)
Note: Indicates source/origin.
तु (tu) - indeed, but (but, indeed, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)
चर्मकारः (carmakāraḥ) - one who works with leather (a leather-worker, shoemaker)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of carmakāra
carmakāra - a leather-worker, shoemaker, tanner
compound noun
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (carman+kāra)
- carman – skin, hide, leather
noun (neuter) - kāra – maker, doer, worker (often as suffix)
noun (masculine)
From root kṛ 'to make'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Appositive to kārāvaraḥ.
प्रसूयते (prasūyate) - is born (is born, is produced, procreates)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pra-sū
Atmanepada, often used in passive or middle voice sense 'to be born'.
Prefix: pra
Root: sū (class 2)
Note: Though verb is singular, it can imply a general statement applying to multiple births.
वैदेहिकात् (vaidehikāt) - from a male of the Vaidehika caste (as father) (from a Vaidehika)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of vaidehika
vaidehika - a Vaidehika (a mixed caste, son of Vaiśya and Brāhmaṇī), a merchant, a perfumer
Note: Indicates source/origin.
अन्ध्र-मेदौ (andhra-medau) - the Andhra and Meda castes (Andhra and Meda (two mixed castes))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of andhra-meda
andhra-meda - the Andhra caste and the Meda caste (dual form)
dvandva compound
Compound type : dvandva (andhra+meda)
- andhra – the name of a country and its people (a mixed caste)
proper noun (masculine) - meda – the name of a low mixed caste (son of a Vaidehika and Niṣādī)
proper noun (masculine)
Note: The dual form 'au' refers to both Andhra and Meda.
बहिः-ग्राम-प्रतिश्रयौ (bahiḥ-grāma-pratiśrayau) - who live outside the main settlement (having their abode outside the village, dwelling outside the village)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of bahiḥ-grāma-pratiśraya
bahiḥ-grāma-pratiśraya - one who resides outside the village
compound adjective
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahiḥ+grāma+pratiśraya)
- bahiḥ – outside, externally
indeclinable - grāma – village, hamlet
noun (masculine) - pratiśraya – shelter, refuge, dwelling, asylum
noun (masculine)
From prati-śrī 'to lean upon, resort to'
Prefix: prati
Root: śrī (class 1)