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मनु-स्मृतिः       manu-smṛtiḥ - chapter-10, verse-57

वर्णापेतमविज्ञातं नरं कलुषयोनिजम ।
आर्यरूपमिवानार्यं कर्मभिः स्वैर्विभावयेत ॥५७॥
57. varṇāpetamavijñātaṁ naraṁ kaluṣayonijam ,
āryarūpamivānāryaṁ karmabhiḥ svairvibhāvayet.
57. varṇāpetam avijñātam naram kaluṣayonijam
āryarūpam iva anāryam karmabhiḥ svaiḥ vibhāvayet
57. (kaścit) varṇāpetam avijñātam kaluṣayonijam āryarūpam
iva anāryam naram svaiḥ karmabhiḥ vibhāvayet
57. One should discern a man who has fallen from his (social) class (varṇa), who is unknown, born of a defiled womb, and who, though appearing like an ārya, is actually a non-ārya, by his own actions (karma).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • वर्णापेतम् (varṇāpetam) - fallen from one's social class (varṇa), deprived of `varṇa`
  • अविज्ञातम् (avijñātam) - unknown, unrecognized, not understood
  • नरम् (naram) - a man
  • कलुषयोनिजम् (kaluṣayonijam) - born of a defiled womb, of impure origin
  • आर्यरूपम् (āryarūpam) - having the appearance of an ārya, with an ārya-like form
  • इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were
  • अनार्यम् (anāryam) - non-ārya, ignoble, despicable
  • कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by actions, by deeds
  • स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by one's own, by their own
  • विभावयेत् (vibhāvayet) - one should discern, recognize, identify

Words meanings and morphology

वर्णापेतम् (varṇāpetam) - fallen from one's social class (varṇa), deprived of `varṇa`
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of varṇāpeta
varṇāpeta - fallen from (his) social class (varṇa), outcast
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṇa+apeta)
  • varṇa – colour, social class (varṇa)
    noun (masculine)
    Root: vṛ (class 9)
  • apeta – gone away, abandoned, deprived of
    adjective (masculine)
    Past Passive Participle
    From 'apa-i' (to go away)
    Prefix: apa
    Root: i (class 2)
Note: Qualifies 'naram'
अविज्ञातम् (avijñātam) - unknown, unrecognized, not understood
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of avijñāta
avijñāta - unknown, not recognized
Past Passive Participle
Derived from 'a-vi-jñā' (not known)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+vijñāta)
  • a – not, non
    indeclinable
    Negative prefix
  • vijñāta – known, understood, recognized
    adjective (masculine)
    Past Passive Participle
    From 'vi-jñā' (to know clearly)
    Prefix: vi
    Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Qualifies 'naram'
नरम् (naram) - a man
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, person
Root: nṛ
Note: Direct object of 'vibhāvayet'
कलुषयोनिजम् (kaluṣayonijam) - born of a defiled womb, of impure origin
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kaluṣayonija
kaluṣayonija - born of an impure womb, of base origin
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaluṣa+yoni+ja)
  • kaluṣa – foul, impure, defiled
    adjective (masculine)
    Root: kal (class 1)
  • yoni – womb, source, origin
    noun (feminine)
    Root: yu (class 1)
  • ja – born, produced
    adjective (masculine)
    verbal adjective
    Suffix 'ja' derived from root 'jan' (to be born)
    Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Qualifies 'naram'
आर्यरूपम् (āryarūpam) - having the appearance of an ārya, with an ārya-like form
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of āryarūpa
āryarūpa - having the appearance of an ārya
Compound type : karmadhāraya (ārya+rūpa)
  • ārya – noble, respectable, ārya
    noun (masculine)
  • rūpa – form, appearance, beauty
    noun (neuter)
    Root: rūp (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'naram'
इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were
(indeclinable)
Particle of comparison
अनार्यम् (anāryam) - non-ārya, ignoble, despicable
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of anārya
anārya - not an ārya, ignoble
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (an+ārya)
  • an – not, non
    indeclinable
    Negative prefix
  • ārya – noble, respectable, ārya
    noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'naram' (describing his true nature)
कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by actions, by deeds
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of karma
karma - action, deed, work, (karma)
Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Instrument of discernment
स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by one's own, by their own
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of sva
sva - own, one's own
Note: Qualifies 'karmabhiḥ'
विभावयेत् (vibhāvayet) - one should discern, recognize, identify
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū
Causative form of 'bhū' + 'vi'
Prefix: vi
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Implied subject is 'one'