महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-5, verse-88

दुर्मर्षणं हतं श्रुत्वा वृषसेनं च संयुगे ।
प्रभग्नं च बलं दृष्ट्वा वध्यमानं महारथैः ॥८८॥

88. durmarṣaṇaṁ hataṁ śrutvā vṛṣasenaṁ ca saṁyuge ,
prabhagnaṁ ca balaṁ dṛṣṭvā vadhyamānaṁ mahārathaiḥ.

88. durmarṣaṇam hatam śrutvā vṛṣasenam ca saṃyuge
prabhagnam ca balam dṛṣṭvā vadhyamānam mahārathaiḥ

88. durmarṣaṇam ca vṛṣasenam hatam saṃyuge śrutvā,
balam prabhagnam ca mahārathaiḥ vadhyamānam dṛṣṭvā

88. (Having heard) that Durmarṣaṇa and Vṛṣasena were slain in battle, and (having seen) the army routed and being slaughtered by the great warriors.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्मर्षणम् (durmarṣaṇam) - Durmarṣaṇa (name of a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• हतम् (hatam) - Durmarṣaṇa having been slain (slain, killed, destroyed)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वृषसेनम् (vṛṣasenam) - Vṛṣasena (name of a son of Karṇa)

• च (ca) - and, also

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat, in conflict

• प्रभग्नम् (prabhagnam) - the army having been routed (routed, broken, defeated, shattered)

• च (ca) - and, also

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

• वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - the army being slaughtered (being slain, being killed, being slaughtered)

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great warriors, by the great charioteers

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्मर्षणम् (durmarṣaṇam) - Durmarṣaṇa (name of a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durmarṣaṇa

durmarṣaṇa - Durmarṣaṇa (a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra), unbearable, irresistible

हतम् (hatam) - Durmarṣaṇa having been slain (slain, killed, destroyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Formed from √han (to strike, kill) + -ta suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed from root √śru.

Root: śru (class 5)

वृषसेनम् (vṛṣasenam) - Vṛṣasena (name of a son of Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛṣasena

vṛṣasena - Vṛṣasena (a son of Karṇa)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - conjunction, union, battle, combat, conflict

From sam-√yuj (to join, unite) + a suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

प्रभग्नम् (prabhagnam) - the army having been routed (routed, broken, defeated, shattered)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prabhagna

prabhagna - broken, shattered, routed, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from pra-√bhañj (to break, shatter) + -na suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhañj (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed from root √dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - the army being slaughtered (being slain, being killed, being slaughtered)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being slain, being struck

Present Passive Participle

Formed from √vadh (to strike, slay) + -māna suffix.

Root: vadh (class 1)

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great warriors, by the great charioteers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a great charioteer, one who fights from a great chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty, eminent
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, warrior (often in compounds), fighter
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)