महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-5, verse-67

भीष्मद्रोणमुखान्वीरान्योऽवमन्य महारथान् ।
जामदग्न्यान्महाघोरं ब्राह्ममस्त्रमशिक्षत ॥६७॥

67. bhīṣmadroṇamukhānvīrānyo'vamanya mahārathān ,
jāmadagnyānmahāghoraṁ brāhmamastramaśikṣata.

67. yaḥ avamanya bhīṣmadroṇamukhān vīrān mahārathān
jāmadagnyān mahāghoram brāhmam astram aśikṣata

67. yaḥ bhīṣmadroṇamukhān vīrān mahārathān avamanya
jāmadagnyān mahāghoram brāhmam astram aśikṣata

67. Who, having disregarded great charioteers and heroes such as Bhishma and Drona, learned the exceedingly terrible divine weapon, the brahma-astra (brāhmam astra), from the son of Jamadagni (Paraśurāma).

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to the hero, Karna) (who, which)

• अवमन्य (avamanya) - having disregarded (having despised, having disregarded, having slighted)

• भीष्मद्रोणमुखान् (bhīṣmadroṇamukhān) - headed by Bhishma and Drona

• वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes (heroes, brave men)

• महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers (great charioteers, mighty warriors)

• जामदग्न्यान् (jāmadagnyān) - from the son of Jamadagni (Paraśurāma) (sons of Jamadagni, descendants of Jamadagni, belonging to Jamadagni)

• महाघोरम् (mahāghoram) - exceedingly terrible (very terrible, exceedingly dreadful, formidable)

• ब्राह्मम् (brāhmam) - divine, relating to Brahma, (brāhmam astra) (relating to Brahman, divine, sacred)

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon (astra) (weapon, missile)

• अशिक्षत (aśikṣata) - learned (learned, studied, practiced)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to the hero, Karna) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what, that

अवमन्य (avamanya) - having disregarded (having despised, having disregarded, having slighted)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

derived from the root man (to think) with upasarga ava, forming an absolutive participle

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

भीष्मद्रोणमुखान् (bhīṣmadroṇamukhān) - headed by Bhishma and Drona

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhīṣmadroṇamukha

bhīṣmadroṇamukha - headed by Bhishma and Drona

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīṣma+droṇa+mukha)

• bhīṣma – Bhishma (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• droṇa – Drona (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, chief, leader
  noun (neuter)

वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes (heroes, brave men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers (great charioteers, mighty warriors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior, one who can fight ten thousand warriors

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

जामदग्न्यान् (jāmadagnyān) - from the son of Jamadagni (Paraśurāma) (sons of Jamadagni, descendants of Jamadagni, belonging to Jamadagni)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jāmadagnya

jāmadagnya - son of Jamadagni, descendant of Jamadagni (Paraśurāma)

Derived from the proper name Jamadagni

Note: Although morphologically accusative plural, in this context, it is typically interpreted as ablative singular 'from Paraśurāma (son of Jamadagni)' to align with the traditional narrative of Karna learning from Paraśurāma. This could be an archaic usage or a textual variation.

महाघोरम् (mahāghoram) - exceedingly terrible (very terrible, exceedingly dreadful, formidable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahāghora

mahāghora - very terrible, exceedingly dreadful, formidable

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ghora)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ghora – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective

ब्राह्मम् (brāhmam) - divine, relating to Brahma, (brāhmam astra) (relating to Brahman, divine, sacred)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brāhma

brāhma - relating to Brahman, divine, sacred, priestly

Derived from brahman (the ultimate reality, the priestly class)

अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon (astra) (weapon, missile)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile, projectile

Root: as (class 4)

अशिक्षत (aśikṣata) - learned (learned, studied, practiced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of śikṣ

Root: śikṣ (class 1)