महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-5, verse-20

वत्सान्कलिङ्गांस्तरलानश्मकानृषिकांस्तथा ।
यो जित्वा समरे वीरश्चक्रे बलिभृतः पुरा ॥२०॥

20. vatsānkaliṅgāṁstaralānaśmakānṛṣikāṁstathā ,
yo jitvā samare vīraścakre balibhṛtaḥ purā.

20. vatsān kaliṅgān taralān aśmakān ṛṣikān tathā
yaḥ jitvā samare vīraḥ cakre balibhṛtaḥ purā

20. vatsān kaliṅgān taralān aśmakān ṛṣikān tathā
yaḥ vīraḥ purā samare jitvā balibhṛtaḥ cakre

20. and the Vatsas, Kalingas, Taralas, Ashmakas, and Rishikas. That hero, having conquered them in battle, formerly made them tribute-bearers.

Words meanings summery:

• वत्सान् (vatsān) - An ancient kingdom in northern India, with its capital at Kausambi. (the people of Vatsa)

• कलिङ्गान् (kaliṅgān) - An ancient kingdom on the eastern coast of India, known for the Kalinga War. (the people of Kalinga)

• तरलान् (taralān) - Referring to a group of people/kingdom, like other proper nouns in the list. (the Taralas; trembling, wavering (as an adjective))

• अश्मकान् (aśmakān) - An ancient kingdom in the Deccan region of India. (the people of Ashmaka)

• ऋषिकान् (ṛṣikān) - An ancient people, possibly located in the Deccan or Northwest. (the Rishikas)

• तथा (tathā) - and thus, also, in that manner

• यः (yaḥ) - He, referring to the hero whose conquests are being described. (who, which, that)

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, after conquering

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - Refers to the conqueror (`yaḥ`). (hero, valiant one, warrior)

• चक्रे (cakre) - made them (the conquered peoples) into tribute-bearers. (made, did, performed)

• बलिभृतः (balibhṛtaḥ) - Made the conquered kingdoms into states that pay tribute. (tribute-bearers, those who pay tribute)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, before

Words meanings and morphology

वत्सान् (vatsān) - An ancient kingdom in northern India, with its capital at Kausambi. (the people of Vatsa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vatsa

vatsa - Vatsa, a kingdom/people; calf, son

कलिङ्गान् (kaliṅgān) - An ancient kingdom on the eastern coast of India, known for the Kalinga War. (the people of Kalinga)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kaliṅga

kaliṅga - Kalinga, a kingdom/people

तरलान् (taralān) - Referring to a group of people/kingdom, like other proper nouns in the list. (the Taralas; trembling, wavering (as an adjective))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tarala

tarala - trembling, moving, wavering; a specific people/kingdom

अश्मकान् (aśmakān) - An ancient kingdom in the Deccan region of India. (the people of Ashmaka)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśmaka

aśmaka - Ashmaka, a kingdom/people

ऋषिकान् (ṛṣikān) - An ancient people, possibly located in the Deccan or Northwest. (the Rishikas)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣika

ṛṣika - Rishika, a people

तथा (tathā) - and thus, also, in that manner

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - He, referring to the hero whose conquests are being described. (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, after conquering

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Formed from root `ji` (to conquer) with suffix `ktvā`.

Root: ji (class 1)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

वीरः (vīraḥ) - Refers to the conqueror (`yaḥ`). (hero, valiant one, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant man

चक्रे (cakre) - made them (the conquered peoples) into tribute-bearers. (made, did, performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect tense (liṭ), 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

बलिभृतः (balibhṛtaḥ) - Made the conquered kingdoms into states that pay tribute. (tribute-bearers, those who pay tribute)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of balibhṛt

balibhṛt - bearing tribute, tributary

Compound: `bali` (tribute) + `bhṛt` (bearing). The form `balibhṛtaḥ` can be Nominative Plural Masculine, Accusative Plural Masculine, or Genitive/Ablative Singular Masculine/Neuter. Here, it is Accusative Plural Masculine, serving as the predicate complement to `cakre` (made).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bali+bhṛt)

• bali – tribute, offering, tax
  noun (masculine)
• bhṛt – bearing, carrying, supporting
  adjective
  Agent noun
  From root `bhṛ` (to bear, carry) + `kvip` suffix.
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, before

(indeclinable)