महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-5, verse-46

पलायमानः कृपणं दीनात्मा दीनपौरुषः ।
कच्चिन्न निहतः सूत पुत्रो दुःशासनो मम ॥४६॥

46. palāyamānaḥ kṛpaṇaṁ dīnātmā dīnapauruṣaḥ ,
kaccinna nihataḥ sūta putro duḥśāsano mama.

46. palāyamānaḥ kṛpaṇam dīna ātmā dīna pauruṣaḥ
kaccit na nihataḥ sūta putraḥ duḥśāsanaḥ mama

46. sūta palāyamānaḥ kṛpaṇam dīnātmā dīnapauraṣaḥ
mama putraḥ duḥśāsanaḥ kaccit na nihataḥ

46. O charioteer, I hope that my son Duḥśāsana, who was fleeing miserably, with a dejected spirit and diminished valor, was not killed.

Words meanings summery:

• पलायमानः (palāyamānaḥ) - fleeing, running away

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - wretchedly, pitifully, miserably

• दीनात्मा (dīnātmā) - dejected in spirit, miserable-souled, disheartened

• दीनपौरषः (dīnapauraṣaḥ) - having diminished valor, dejected in manliness/spirit

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope not, surely not (interrogative particle expressing hope or fear)

• न (na) - not, no

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, struck down, destroyed

• सूत (sūta) - O charioteer!

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana (name of a Kuru prince)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

Words meanings and morphology

पलायमानः (palāyamānaḥ) - fleeing, running away

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of palāyamāna

palāyamāna - fleeing, running away

Present Middle Participle (śānac)

Derived from root 'iṇ' (to go) with prefix 'palā'

Prefix: पला

Root: इण् (class 2)

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - wretchedly, pitifully, miserably

(indeclinable)

दीनात्मा (dīnātmā) - dejected in spirit, miserable-souled, disheartened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnātman

dīnātman - dejected in spirit, miserable-souled, disheartened

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīna+ātman)

• dīna – wretched, poor, dejected, miserable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dī' (to perish) or 'day' (to pity)
  Root: दी/दय्
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

दीनपौरषः (dīnapauraṣaḥ) - having diminished valor, dejected in manliness/spirit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnapauraṣa

dīnapauraṣa - having diminished valor, dejected in manliness/spirit

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīna+pauruṣa)

• dīna – wretched, poor, dejected, miserable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dī' (to perish) or 'day' (to pity)
  Root: दी/दय्
• pauruṣa – manliness, valor, strength, effort
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'puruṣa'

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope not, surely not (interrogative particle expressing hope or fear)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, struck down, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: नि

Root: हन् (class 2)

सूत (sūta) - O charioteer!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana (name of a Kuru prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (literally 'difficult to rule' or 'ill-governed')

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (dur+śāsana)

• dur – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
• śāsana – rule, command, teaching, governing
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'śās' (to rule, teach)
  Root: शास् (class 2)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me