महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-5, verse-70

सहदेवं च निर्जित्य शरैः संनतपर्वभिः ।
कृपया विरथं कृत्वा नाहनद्धर्मवित्तया ॥७०॥

70. sahadevaṁ ca nirjitya śaraiḥ saṁnataparvabhiḥ ,
kṛpayā virathaṁ kṛtvā nāhanaddharmavittayā.

70. सहदेवम् च निर्जित्य शरैः संनतपर्वभिः
कृपया विरथम् कृत्वा न अहनत् धर्मवित्तया

70. च शरैः संनतपर्वभिः सहदेवम् निर्जित्य
कृपया धर्मवित्तया विरथम् कृत्वा न अहनत्

70. And having defeated Sahadeva with straight-shafted arrows, he did not slay him, but out of compassion and due to his understanding of (dharma), he merely caused him to be dismounted from his chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• सहदेवम् (सहदेवम्) - Sahadeva, the youngest of the Pāṇḍava brothers (Sahadeva)

• च (च) - and, also, moreover

• निर्जित्य (निर्जित्य) - having conquered, having defeated

• शरैः (शरैः) - by arrows, with arrows

• संनतपर्वभिः (संनतपर्वभिः) - describing the quality of the arrows (with well-jointed, with straight-jointed (arrows))

• कृपया (कृपया) - by compassion, out of pity

• विरथम् (विरथम्) - chariot-less, dismounted from a chariot

• कृत्वा (कृत्वा) - having done, having made, having rendered

• न (न) - not, no

• अहनत् (अहनत्) - he struck, he killed

• धर्मवित्तया (धर्मवित्तया) - by the knowledge of (dharma), due to the understanding of (dharma)

Words meanings and morphology

सहदेवम् (सहदेवम्) - Sahadeva, the youngest of the Pāṇḍava brothers (Sahadeva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

च (च) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

निर्जित्य (निर्जित्य) - having conquered, having defeated

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive formed with suffix -tya from root ji 'to conquer' with prefix nir

Prefix: nir

Root: ji (class 1)

शरैः (शरैः) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

संनतपर्वभिः (संनतपर्वभिः) - describing the quality of the arrows (with well-jointed, with straight-jointed (arrows))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sannataparvan

sannataparvan - having well-joined sections, straight-jointed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sannata+parvan)

• sannata – bent, humble, straight (as in well-prepared)
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past Passive Participle from root nam 'to bend' with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – joint, knot, section (of a reed or arrow shaft)
  noun (neuter)

कृपया (कृपया) - by compassion, out of pity

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṛpā

kṛpā - compassion, pity, mercy

विरथम् (विरथम्) - chariot-less, dismounted from a chariot

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - chariot-less, deprived of a chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – apart, away, without
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

कृत्वा (कृत्वा) - having done, having made, having rendered

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive formed with suffix -tvā from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (न) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अहनत् (अहनत्) - he struck, he killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of han

Imperfect (laṅ) 3rd person singular active

Root 'han' (class 2), 3rd sing. imperfect active

Root: han (class 2)

धर्मवित्तया (धर्मवित्तया) - by the knowledge of (dharma), due to the understanding of (dharma)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dharmavittā

dharmavittā - knowledge of (dharma), understanding of (dharma), the state of knowing (dharma)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (dharma+vittatā)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vittatā – knowledge, wisdom, learning, the state of being known
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root vid 'to know' + -ta (PPP suffix) + -tā (abstract feminine suffix)
  Root: vid (class 2)