महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-5, verse-92

सह गान्धारराजेन सभायां यदभाषत ।
कर्णोऽर्जुनं रणे हन्ता हते तस्मिन्किमब्रवीत् ॥९२॥

92. saha gāndhārarājena sabhāyāṁ yadabhāṣata ,
karṇo'rjunaṁ raṇe hantā hate tasminkimabravīt.

92. saha gāndhārarājena sabhāyām yat abhāṣata karṇaḥ
arjunam raṇe hantā hate tasmin kim abravīt

92. tasmin hate,
kim abravīt,
(yad) karṇaḥ gāndhārarājena saha sabhāyām abhāṣata arjunam raṇe hantā?

92. What did (Duryodhana) say when Karna, who had declared in the assembly along with the king of Gandhara (Shakuni) that he would slay Arjuna in battle, was himself slain?

Words meanings summery:

• सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

• गान्धारराजेन (gāndhārarājena) - with the king of Gandhara (Shakuni) (by the king of Gandhara)

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly (of the Kauravas) (in the assembly, in the court, in the gathering)

• यत् (yat) - what (as a relative pronoun referring to the statement made by Karna) (which, what, that)

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - he (Karna) spoke, he declared (he spoke, he said)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (proper noun))

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war, in conflict)

• हन्ता (hantā) - (Karna) will kill, is the killer of (Arjuna) (killer, slayer, one who kills, will kill)

• हते (hate) - when he (Karna) was killed (having been killed, when killed)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when he (Karna) (in that, upon that, concerning him, when that)

• किम् (kim) - what? (what? why? how?)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

गान्धारराजेन (gāndhārarājena) - with the king of Gandhara (Shakuni) (by the king of Gandhara)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gāndhārarāja

gāndhārarāja - king of Gandhara

Compound: gāndhāra (Gandhara) + rāja (king)

Compound type : genitive tatpurusha (gāndhāra+rāja)

• gāndhāra – Gandhara (a kingdom and its people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Short form of `rājan`

Note: Governed by `saha`.

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly (of the Kauravas) (in the assembly, in the court, in the gathering)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, court, council, meeting hall

From `saha` (together) + `bhā` (to shine, appear)

Root: bhā (class 2)

यत् (yat) - what (as a relative pronoun referring to the statement made by Karna) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the statement Karna made.

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - he (Karna) spoke, he declared (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Past Imperfect Tense, Middle Voice

Root `bhāṣ` (1st class, `bhāṣate`), augmented imperfect form.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject is Karna (implied).

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; Name of a major character in the Mahābhārata, son of Kunti and Sūrya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the clause `karṇaḥ arjunam raṇe hantā`.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - white, clear; Name of the third Pandava brother.

Root: ṛj

Note: Object of `hantā`.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict, fight

From root `raṇ` (to sound, rejoice, go)

Root: raṇ (class 1)

हन्ता (hantā) - (Karna) will kill, is the killer of (Arjuna) (killer, slayer, one who kills, will kill)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hantṛ

hantṛ - killer, slayer, destroyer; also acts as future participle "will kill"

Agent noun / Future Active Participle

From root `han` (to strike, kill) + `tṛ` suffix

Root: han (class 2)

हते (hate) - when he (Karna) was killed (having been killed, when killed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, lost

Past Passive Participle

From root `han` (to strike, kill) + `kta` suffix

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute with `tasmin`.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when he (Karna) (in that, upon that, concerning him, when that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

किम् (kim) - what? (what? why? how?)

(pronoun)

of kim

kim - what? which? why?

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Past Imperfect Tense, Active Voice

Root `brū` (2nd class), augmented imperfect form

Root: brū (class 2)