महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-5, verse-39

स हि पारं महानासीत्पुत्राणां मम संजय ।
युद्धे विनिहतः शूरो विसृजन्सायकान्बहून् ॥३९॥

39. sa hi pāraṁ mahānāsītputrāṇāṁ mama saṁjaya ,
yuddhe vinihataḥ śūro visṛjansāyakānbahūn.

39. sa hi pāram mahān āsīt putrāṇām mama saṃjaya
yuddhe vinihataḥ śūraḥ visṛjan sāyakān bahūn

39. saṃjaya saḥ hi mama putrāṇām mahān pāram āsīt
yuddhe bahūn sāyakān visṛjan śūraḥ vinihataḥ

39. Indeed, O Sañjaya, he was a great support for my sons. That hero, discharging many arrows, was slain in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - referring to Karṇa (he, that)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• पारम् (pāram) - great support or refuge (shore, bank, limit, means of crossing, support)

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

• आसीत् (āsīt) - he was, it was

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - for my sons (of sons, for sons)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya, the charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O Sañjaya)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• विनिहतः (vinihataḥ) - killed, slain

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - hero, warrior, brave man

• विसृजन् (visṛjan) - showering (arrows) (discharging, sending forth, throwing)

• सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - referring to Karṇa (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Karṇa.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

पारम् (pāram) - great support or refuge (shore, bank, limit, means of crossing, support)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāra

pāra - further bank, opposite shore, end, limit, means of crossing, support

Note: Used as a predicative nominative (or accusative with verbs of 'being' sometimes) here.

महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Agrees with `sa` and modifies `pāram`.

आसीत् (āsīt) - he was, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - for my sons (of sons, for sons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Used here in a dative sense: 'for my sons'

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Agrees with `putrāṇām`.

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya, the charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O Sañjaya)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

विनिहतः (vinihataḥ) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinihata

vinihata - killed, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' with upasargas 'vi' and 'ni'.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `śūraḥ`.

शूरः (śūraḥ) - hero, warrior, brave man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave man

Note: Subject of `vinihataḥ`.

विसृजन् (visṛjan) - showering (arrows) (discharging, sending forth, throwing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visṛjat

visṛjat - discharging, sending forth, abandoning

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'sṛj' with upasarga 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `śūraḥ`, indicates simultaneous action.

सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart

Note: Object of `visṛjan`.

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, numerous, much

Note: Agrees with `sāyakān`.