महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-5, verse-53

अहं तु निहतामात्यो हतपुत्रश्च संजय ।
द्यूततः कृच्छ्रमापन्नो लूनपक्ष इव द्विजः ॥५३॥

53. ahaṁ tu nihatāmātyo hataputraśca saṁjaya ,
dyūtataḥ kṛcchramāpanno lūnapakṣa iva dvijaḥ.

53. aham tu nihata-āmātyaḥ hata-putraḥ ca saṃjaya
dyūtataḥ kṛcchram āpannaḥ lūna-pakṣaḥ iva dvijaḥ

53. saṃjaya,
tu aham nihata-āmātyaḥ ca hata-putraḥ dyūtataḥ kṛcchram āpannaḥ dvijaḥ iva lūna-pakṣaḥ.

53. But I, whose ministers have been slain and whose sons have been killed, O Sañjaya, have fallen into great distress because of gambling, just like a bird (dvija) with its wings clipped.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I, myself

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• निहत-आमात्यः (nihata-āmātyaḥ) - whose ministers are killed

• हत-पुत्रः (hata-putraḥ) - whose sons are killed

• च (ca) - and

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya (the charioteer and narrator) (O Sañjaya)

• द्यूततः (dyūtataḥ) - from gambling, due to gambling

• कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - distress, difficulty, misery

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - fallen into, obtained, reached

• लून-पक्षः (lūna-pakṣaḥ) - whose wings are cut/clipped

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - bird (bird, twice-born)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I, myself

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

निहत-आमात्यः (nihata-āmātyaḥ) - whose ministers are killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata-āmātya

nihata-āmātya - one whose ministers are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nihata+āmātya)

• nihata – killed, slain
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: han (class 2)
• āmātya – minister, counselor
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies "aham" (I).

हत-पुत्रः (hata-putraḥ) - whose sons are killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata-putra

hata-putra - one whose sons are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+putra)

• hata – killed, slain
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies "aham" (I).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya (the charioteer and narrator) (O Sañjaya)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (proper name)

Note: Address to Sañjaya.

द्यूततः (dyūtataḥ) - from gambling, due to gambling

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dyūta

dyūta - gambling, game of dice

Derived from root div (to play) + kta suffix

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Denotes cause.

कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - distress, difficulty, misery

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - distress, difficulty, misery

Note: Object of "āpannaḥ".

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - fallen into, obtained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - fallen into, obtained, reached, distressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root āp (to obtain) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies "aham" (I).

लून-पक्षः (lūna-pakṣaḥ) - whose wings are cut/clipped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lūna-pakṣa

lūna-pakṣa - one whose wings are cut/clipped

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (lūna+pakṣa)

• lūna – cut, clipped
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root lū (to cut)
  Root: lū (class 9)
• pakṣa – wing, side, party
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies "dvijaḥ".

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - bird (bird, twice-born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - bird, twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), tooth

Derived from dvi (two) + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The object of comparison.