महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-5, verse-103

के कर्णं वाजहुः शूराः के क्षुद्राः प्राद्रवन्भयात् ।
कथं च वः समेतानां हतः कर्णो महारथः ॥१०३॥

103. ke karṇaṁ vājahuḥ śūrāḥ ke kṣudrāḥ prādravanbhayāt ,
kathaṁ ca vaḥ sametānāṁ hataḥ karṇo mahārathaḥ.

103. ke karṇam ājahuḥ śūrāḥ ke kṣudrāḥ prādravan bhayāt
katham ca vaḥ sametānām hataḥ karṇaḥ mahārathaḥ

103. ke śūrāḥ karṇam ājahuḥ ke kṣudrāḥ bhayāt prādravan
ca vaḥ sametānām mahārathaḥ karṇaḥ katham hataḥ

103. Which brave warriors stood by Karna? Which cowardly ones fled in fear? And how was Karna, the great charioteer, killed while all of you were assembled?

Words meanings summery:

• के (ke) - who, which ones

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• आजहुः (ājahuḥ) - they brought, they supported, they offered

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave ones, heroes

• के (ke) - who, which ones

• क्षुद्राः (kṣudrāḥ) - lowly, timid, insignificant

• प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled away, they ran away

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear

• कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

• च (ca) - and, also

• वः (vaḥ) - of you, to you (plural)

• समेतानाम् (sametānām) - of those who were assembled, of the assembled ones

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, struck

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior, great charioteer

Words meanings and morphology

के (ke) - who, which ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name of a hero in the Mahabharata)

आजहुः (ājahuḥ) - they brought, they supported, they offered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect past (liṭ) of ā-hṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave ones, heroes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic; a hero, warrior

के (ke) - who, which ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

क्षुद्राः (kṣudrāḥ) - lowly, timid, insignificant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣudra

kṣudra - small, tiny, insignificant, mean, timid, cowardly

प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled away, they ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of pra-dru

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वः (vaḥ) - of you, to you (plural)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

समेतानाम् (sametānām) - of those who were assembled, of the assembled ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sameta

sameta - assembled, met, joined, gathered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'i' with prefixes 'sam' and 'a'

Prefixes: sam+a

Root: i (class 2)

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han'

Root: han (class 2)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name of a hero in the Mahabharata)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior, great charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, great warrior, commander of a large force

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot, car; a warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)