महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-85, verse-68

सुमहान्निनदश्चैव श्रूयते विजयं प्रति ।
स शैनेय जवेनात्र गन्तुमर्हसि माधव ॥६८॥

68. sumahānninadaścaiva śrūyate vijayaṁ prati ,
sa śaineya javenātra gantumarhasi mādhava.

68. sumahān ninadaḥ ca eva śrūyate vijayam prati
saḥ śaineya javena atra gantum arhasi mādhava

68. śaineya mādhava sumahān ninadaḥ vijayam prati
ca eva śrūyate saḥ atra javena gantum arhasi

68. A very great roar is indeed heard, signifying victory. O Śaineya, O Madhava, you must go quickly to this place.

Words meanings summery:

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, mighty

• निनदः (ninadaḥ) - sound, roar, cry

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard, is listened to, is known

• विजयम् (vijayam) - victory, conquest

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, concerning, regarding

• सः (saḥ) - Emphasizing the person addressed, here 'you'. (he, that, you)

• शैनेय (śaineya) - Refers to Satyaki, a Yadava warrior. (O son of Śini (Satyaki))

• जवेन (javena) - with speed, quickly

• अत्र (atra) - here, to this place

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, for going

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you must, you should (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

• माधव (mādhava) - Used as a vocative alongside Śaineya, implying that Śaineya is being addressed with multiple names or epithets, or that the speaker is addressing both (if Madhava is Krishna) and instructing one, but the singular verb form points to a single 'you'. Thus, it's more likely an epithet for Śaineya (Satyaki). (O descendant of Madhu, O Krishna)

Words meanings and morphology

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, mighty, huge

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, excellent, well, easily
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, vast, mighty
  adjective

निनदः (ninadaḥ) - sound, roar, cry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ninada

ninada - sound, roar, cry, noise

Derived from root nad with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard, is listened to, is known

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śrū

Present Passive

Formed from root śrū, passive voice, third person singular.

Root: śrū (class 5)

विजयम् (vijayam) - victory, conquest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: The accusative case here is used with prati to indicate 'regarding'.

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, concerning, regarding

(indeclinable)

A preverb or postposition.

सः (saḥ) - Emphasizing the person addressed, here 'you'. (he, that, you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here to connect the previous statement or as an emphatic particle for the subsequent command/request, referring to the implicit 'you'.

शैनेय (śaineya) - Refers to Satyaki, a Yadava warrior. (O son of Śini (Satyaki))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - son of Śini, descendant of Śini (Satyaki)

Patronymic.

जवेन (javena) - with speed, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, quickness

Root: jū (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

अत्र (atra) - here, to this place

(indeclinable)

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, for going

(verb)

infinitive of gam

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you must, you should (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Active

Root arh, Present tense, active voice, 2nd person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)

माधव (mādhava) - Used as a vocative alongside Śaineya, implying that Śaineya is being addressed with multiple names or epithets, or that the speaker is addressing both (if Madhava is Krishna) and instructing one, but the singular verb form points to a single 'you'. Thus, it's more likely an epithet for Śaineya (Satyaki). (O descendant of Madhu, O Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu, relating to spring, Krishna, Vishnu, a bee

Patronymic.