महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-85, verse-23

तर्पितास्ते शरैस्तस्य भारद्वाजस्य धन्विनः ।
आतिथेयगृहं प्राप्य नृपतेऽतिथयो यथा ॥२३॥

23. tarpitāste śaraistasya bhāradvājasya dhanvinaḥ ,
ātitheyagṛhaṁ prāpya nṛpate'tithayo yathā.

23. tarpitāḥ te śaraiḥ tasya bhāradvājasya dhanvinaḥ
ātitheyagṛham prāpya nṛpate atithayaḥ yathā

23. nṛpate te dhanvinaḥ ātitheyagṛham prāpya tasya
bhāradvājasya śaraiḥ tarpitāḥ yathā atithayaḥ

23. O King (nṛpate), those archers (dhanvinaḥ), having reached what they thought was a house of hospitality (ātitheyagṛham), were 'satisfied' by the arrows of Bhāradvāja, just as guests (atithayaḥ) would typically be (satisfied).

Words meanings summery:

• तर्पिताः (tarpitāḥ) - Used ironically here, meaning they were 'treated' or 'served' with arrows, as if receiving hospitality. (satisfied, gratified, appeased)

• ते (te) - Refers to the Pāṇḍava and Sṛñjaya archers. (they, those)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Bhāradvāja (Droṇa). (his, of him, of that)

• भारद्वाजस्य (bhāradvājasya) - Refers to Droṇa, belonging to the lineage of the sage Bhāradvāja. (of Bhāradvāja)

• धन्विनः (dhanvinaḥ) - Refers to the Pāṇḍava and Sṛñjaya warriors who are engaging Droṇa in battle. (archers, bowmen)

• आतिथेयगृहम् (ātitheyagṛham) - Used ironically; the battlefield where Droṇa is 'welcoming' his opponents with arrows, contrasting with a literal guest-house. (guest-house, house of hospitality)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached, having obtained, having arrived at

• नृपते (nṛpate) - A vocative address by Sañjaya to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king!)

• अतिथयः (atithayaḥ) - Used in the simile to refer to ordinary guests receiving genuine hospitality. (guests, visitors)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like, in which way

Words meanings and morphology

तर्पिताः (tarpitāḥ) - Used ironically here, meaning they were 'treated' or 'served' with arrows, as if receiving hospitality. (satisfied, gratified, appeased)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tarpita

tarpita - satisfied, gratified, appeased, refreshed

Past Passive Participle

From the causative stem of the root √tṛp (to be satisfied) + kta suffix.

Root: tṛp (class 4)

ते (te) - Refers to the Pāṇḍava and Sṛñjaya archers. (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, shaft

Derived from the root √śṛ (to hurt, to injure).

Root: śṛ (class 9)

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Bhāradvāja (Droṇa). (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भारद्वाजस्य (bhāradvājasya) - Refers to Droṇa, belonging to the lineage of the sage Bhāradvāja. (of Bhāradvāja)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvāja; an epithet of Droṇa

Derived from the sage Bharadvāja.

धन्विनः (dhanvinaḥ) - Refers to the Pāṇḍava and Sṛñjaya warriors who are engaging Droṇa in battle. (archers, bowmen)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhanvin

dhanvin - armed with a bow, an archer, a bowman

Derived from 'dhanus' (bow) with the suffix 'in'.

आतिथेयगृहम् (ātitheyagṛham) - Used ironically; the battlefield where Droṇa is 'welcoming' his opponents with arrows, contrasting with a literal guest-house. (guest-house, house of hospitality)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātitheyagṛha

ātitheyagṛha - guest-house, a dwelling for guests, house of hospitality

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātitheya+gṛha)

• ātitheya – relating to guests, hospitable, fit for guests
  adjective
  Derived from 'atithi' (guest) with the suffix 'eya'.
• gṛha – house, dwelling, home
  noun (neuter)
  From the root √grah (to seize, to hold), as in 'that which holds'.
  Root: grah (class 9)

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached, having obtained, having arrived at

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root √āp (to obtain, to reach) with prefixes pra and ā, and the suffix -tya.

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

नृपते (nṛpate) - A vocative address by Sañjaya to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men, sovereign

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• pati – lord, master, husband, protector
  noun (masculine)
  From the root √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 1)

अतिथयः (atithayaḥ) - Used in the simile to refer to ordinary guests receiving genuine hospitality. (guests, visitors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atithi

atithi - guest, visitor, stranger

From 'a' (not) + 'tithi' (a fixed time), meaning one who comes without a fixed time.

यथा (yathā) - just as, like, in which way

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from 'yat'.