महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-85, verse-19

एवमुक्त्वा ततो राजा सर्वसैन्येन पाण्डवः ।
अभ्यद्रवद्रणे द्रोणं युयुधानस्य कारणात् ॥१९॥

19. evamuktvā tato rājā sarvasainyena pāṇḍavaḥ ,
abhyadravadraṇe droṇaṁ yuyudhānasya kāraṇāt.

19. evam uktvā tataḥ rājā sarvasainyena pāṇḍavaḥ
abhyadravat raṇe droṇam yuyudhānasya kāraṇāt

19. evam uktvā tataḥ pāṇḍavaḥ rājā sarvasainyena
raṇe yuyudhānasya kāraṇāt droṇam abhyadravat

19. Having spoken thus, the Pandava king then, with his entire army, rushed against Drona in battle for Yuyudhana's sake.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• राजा (rājā) - king

• सर्वसैन्येन (sarvasainyena) - with his entire army, by the whole army

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - the Pandava king Yudhishthira (a son of Pandu, descendant of Pandu (Yudhishthira))

• अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he attacked, he rushed towards

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (accusative)

• युयुधानस्य (yuyudhānasya) - of Yuyudhana

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - for the sake of, on account of, because of

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `vac` (to speak) + `ktvā` suffix. The root undergoes `samprasarana` (vac → uc) before `ktvā`.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Absolutive form, implying action completed before the main verb.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from `tad` (that) + `tas` suffix.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

`n`-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject.

सर्वसैन्येन (sarvasainyena) - with his entire army, by the whole army

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sarvasainya

sarvasainya - entire army, whole host

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+sainya)

• sarva – all, whole, entire
  adjective
• sainya – army, host, military
  noun (neuter)
  From `senā` (army) + `ya` suffix.

Note: Denotes accompaniment.

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - the Pandava king Yudhishthira (a son of Pandu, descendant of Pandu (Yudhishthira))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu (a member of the Pāṇḍava family)

Patrononymic, from `Paṇḍu` + `a` suffix.

Note: Qualifies `rājā`.

अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he attacked, he rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhidru

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Augment `a` prefixed to `dru`.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict

From root `raṇ` (to sound, to go).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Indicates location of action.

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a specific character in Mahabharata); a wooden vessel; a measure of capacity

Note: Object of `abhyadravat`.

युयुधानस्य (yuyudhānasya) - of Yuyudhana

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yuyudhāna

yuyudhāna - Yuyudhana (a name of Satyaki, a Yadava warrior)

Present Active Participle (intensive form of `yudh`)

From reduplicated root `yudh` (to fight) + `āna` suffix.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Connects with `kāraṇāt`.

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - for the sake of, on account of, because of

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, instrument

From root `kṛ` (to do) + `ana` suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses reason/motive.