महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-85, verse-41

यः स धर्मः पुरा दृष्टः सद्भिः शैनेय शाश्वतः ।
सांपराये सुहृत्कृत्ये तस्य कालोऽयमागतः ॥४१॥

41. yaḥ sa dharmaḥ purā dṛṣṭaḥ sadbhiḥ śaineya śāśvataḥ ,
sāṁparāye suhṛtkṛtye tasya kālo'yamāgataḥ.

41. yaḥ saḥ dharmaḥ purā dṛṣṭaḥ sadbhiḥ śaineya śāśvataḥ
sāmparāye suhṛtkṛtye tasya kālaḥ ayam āgataḥ

41. śaineya,
yaḥ saḥ śāśvataḥ dharmaḥ purā sadbhiḥ dṛṣṭaḥ,
tasya sāmparāye suhṛtkṛtye ayam kālaḥ āgataḥ

41. O Śaineya, that eternal natural law (dharma) which was observed by the virtuous in ancient times—the moment has now arrived for its application in battle and in fulfilling the duty of a friend.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, that which

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the fundamental principle of right conduct or cosmic order (natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past, before

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed, perceived

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by the virtuous, by the righteous

• शैनेय (śaineya) - O Sātyaki (O Śaineya (son of Śini))

• शाश्वतः (śāśvataḥ) - eternal, perpetual, constant, everlasting

• साम्पराये (sāmparāye) - in battle, in a fight, in a crucial moment, in a hostile encounter

• सुहृत्कृत्ये (suhṛtkṛtye) - in the duty of a friend, in a friendly act

• तस्य (tasya) - of that dharma (natural law) (of that, of him, of it)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time, season, period

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come, attained

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the fundamental principle of right conduct or cosmic order (natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion, custom

derived from √dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past, before

(indeclinable)

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived

Past Passive Participle

derived from the root √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by the virtuous, by the righteous

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, righteous, existing, real

Present Active Participle (as a noun)

derived from the root √as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

शैनेय (śaineya) - O Sātyaki (O Śaineya (son of Śini))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - descendant of Śini; name of Sātyaki

patronymic from Śini

शाश्वतः (śāśvataḥ) - eternal, perpetual, constant, everlasting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, constant, everlasting, always existing

साम्पराये (sāmparāye) - in battle, in a fight, in a crucial moment, in a hostile encounter

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sāmparāya

sāmparāya - battle, fight, hostile encounter, danger, crucial situation

सुहृत्कृत्ये (suhṛtkṛtye) - in the duty of a friend, in a friendly act

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of suhṛtkṛtya

suhṛtkṛtya - friendly act, duty of a friend

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suhṛt+kṛtya)

• suhṛt – friend, well-wisher
  noun (masculine)
• kṛtya – task, duty, action, what is to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  derived from the root √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

तस्य (tasya) - of that dharma (natural law) (of that, of him, of it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कालः (kālaḥ) - time, season, period

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, right moment

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come, attained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, attained

Past Passive Participle

derived from the root √gam (to go) with prefix ā (towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)