महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-85, verse-34

तं तथा समरे द्रोणं निघ्नन्तं सोमकान्रणे ।
न चाप्यभिययुः केचिदपरे नैव विव्यधुः ॥३४॥

34. taṁ tathā samare droṇaṁ nighnantaṁ somakānraṇe ,
na cāpyabhiyayuḥ kecidapare naiva vivyadhuḥ.

34. tam tathā samare droṇam nighnantam somakān raṇe
na ca api abhiyayuḥ kecit apare na eva vivyadhuḥ

34. tathā samare raṇe somakān nighnantam tam droṇam
kecit ca api na abhiyayuḥ apare na eva vivyadhuḥ

34. Thus, some (warriors) did not even approach Droṇa as he was killing the Somakas in battle, nor did others pierce him.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (Droṇa) (him, that)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in such a way (thus, so, in that manner)

• समरे (samare) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa (Drona (acc.))

• निघ्नन्तम् (nighnantam) - killing (the Somakas) (striking, killing, slaying (acc.))

• सोमकान् (somakān) - the Somakas (a specific allied army) (the Somakas (acc. pl.))

• रणे (raṇe) - in the fight (in battle, in fight)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• अभिययुः (abhiyayuḥ) - they approached (they approached, they went towards)

• केचित् (kecit) - some (warriors) (some, any)

• अपरे (apare) - other (warriors) (others, other)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, only, just)

• विव्यधुह् (vivyadhuh) - they wounded (him) (they pierced, they wounded)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (Droṇa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of `abhinayayuḥ` and `vivyadhuh`, refers to Droṇa.

तथा (tathā) - thus, in such a way (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Root: tad

Note: Modifies the killing action.

समरे (samare) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Locative of place.

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa (Drona (acc.))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of a teacher/warrior in Mahabharata)

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Object of the participle `nighnantam`.

निघ्नन्तम् (nighnantam) - killing (the Somakas) (striking, killing, slaying (acc.))

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nighnat

nighnat - striking, killing, slayer

Present Active Participle

From root `han` (to strike, kill) with prefix `ni`.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes Droṇa's action.

सोमकान् (somakān) - the Somakas (a specific allied army) (the Somakas (acc. pl.))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of somaka

somaka - Somaka (name of a tribe/people, an epithet of Drupada's race)

Note: Object of `nighnantam`.

रणे (raṇe) - in the fight (in battle, in fight)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Locative of place, redundant with `samare` but emphasizes context.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates `abhiyayuḥ` and `vivyadhūḥ`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses, often implies 'and not' when paired with `na`.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

अभिययुः (abhiyayuḥ) - they approached (they approached, they went towards)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of abhi-yā

Perfect, Parasmaipada, 3rd person plural

Formed from root `yā` with prefix `abhi`.

Prefix: abhi

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: First main verb.

केचित् (kecit) - some (warriors) (some, any)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka-cid

ka-cid - some, any, a certain

Indefinite pronoun formed from `ka` + `cid`.

Note: Subject of `abhiyayuḥ`.

अपरे (apare) - other (warriors) (others, other)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior

Note: Subject of `vivyadhuh`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates `vivyadhuh`.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the negation.

विव्यधुह् (vivyadhuh) - they wounded (him) (they pierced, they wounded)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect, Parasmaipada, 3rd person plural

Reduplicated perfect form from root `vyadh`.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Null object refers to Droṇa.