महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-85, verse-12

तं तु संप्रेक्ष्य ते पुत्राः सैनिकाश्च विशां पते ।
प्रहृष्टमनसो भूत्वा सिंहवद्व्यनदन्मुहुः ॥१२॥

12. taṁ tu saṁprekṣya te putrāḥ sainikāśca viśāṁ pate ,
prahṛṣṭamanaso bhūtvā siṁhavadvyanadanmuhuḥ.

12. tam tu samprekṣya te putrāḥ sainikāḥ ca viśām pate
prahṛṣṭamanasaḥ bhūtvā siṃhavat vyanadan muhuḥ

12. viśām pate,
te putrāḥ ca sainikāḥ tam samprekṣya prahṛṣṭamanasaḥ bhūtvā siṃhavat muhuḥ vyanadan.

12. O ruler of the people, when those sons and soldiers saw him, their minds became greatly delighted, and they roared repeatedly like lions.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

• ते (te) - those

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers

• च (ca) - and

• विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• प्रहृष्टमनसः (prahṛṣṭamanasaḥ) - with delighted minds, overjoyed

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• सिंहवत् (siṁhavat) - like a lion, lion-like

• व्यनदन् (vyanadan) - roared

• मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to a specific person, implied from context to be male.

तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

(indeclinable)

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root īkṣ with prefixes sam and pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sainika

sainika - soldier

Derived from senā (army) + ika (affix)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, subjects

Note: Used in the vocative phrase 'viśāṃ pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Forms part of the vocative address 'viśāṃ pate' (O lord of the people).

प्रहृष्टमनसः (prahṛṣṭamanasaḥ) - with delighted minds, overjoyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahṛṣṭamanas

prahṛṣṭamanas - with a greatly delighted mind, overjoyed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (prahṛṣṭa+manas)

• prahṛṣṭa – greatly delighted, rejoiced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hṛṣ with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'putrāḥ' and 'sainikāḥ'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

सिंहवत् (siṁhavat) - like a lion, lion-like

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from siṃha (lion) with suffix -vat

व्यनदन् (vyanadan) - roared

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nad

Formed with the imperfect augment 'a' and prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)

मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again

(indeclinable)