महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-85, verse-5

द्रोणोऽपि युधि विक्रान्तो युयुधानं समाहितः ।
अविध्यत्पञ्चभिस्तूर्णं हेमपुङ्खैः शिलाशितैः ॥५॥

5. droṇo'pi yudhi vikrānto yuyudhānaṁ samāhitaḥ ,
avidhyatpañcabhistūrṇaṁ hemapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ.

5. droṇaḥ api yudhi vikrāntaḥ yuyudhānam samāhitaḥ
avidhyat pañcabhiḥ tūrṇam hemapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ

5. droṇaḥ api yudhi vikrāntaḥ samāhitaḥ yuyudhānam
pañcabhiḥ tūrṇam hemapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ avidhyat

5. Drona, valiant and composed in battle, also swiftly pierced Yuyudhāna with five gold-feathered, rock-sharpened arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (the preceptor) (Drona)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

• विक्रान्तः (vikrāntaḥ) - valiant (valiant, powerful, courageous)

• युयुधानम् (yuyudhānam) - Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki) (Yuyudhāna (another name for Sātyaki))

• समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - composed, concentrated (composed, concentrated, absorbed; well-placed)

• अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - he pierced, struck (he pierced, he struck)

• पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - with five (arrows) (with five)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly)

• हेमपुङ्खैः (hemapuṅkhaiḥ) - with gold-feathered (arrows)

• शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - with rock-sharpened (arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (the preceptor) (Drona)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a famous warrior and preceptor in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Subject of the verb.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Drona's action to Sātyaki's previous action.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Note: Indicates the place or context of the action.

विक्रान्तः (vikrāntaḥ) - valiant (valiant, powerful, courageous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikrānta

vikrānta - valiant, powerful, courageous; stepped over

Past Passive Participle

From root kram (to step, go) with upasarga vi- (apart, across, intensely)

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Drona.

युयुधानम् (yuyudhānam) - Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki) (Yuyudhāna (another name for Sātyaki))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yuyudhāna

yuyudhāna - Yuyudhāna (a warrior in the Mahābhārata, also known as Sātyaki)

Note: Object of the verb.

समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - composed, concentrated (composed, concentrated, absorbed; well-placed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāhita

samāhita - composed, concentrated, self-controlled, attentive; well-placed

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place) with upasarga sam-ā- (together, well)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies Drona.

अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - he pierced, struck (he pierced, he struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh

Imperfect 3rd person singular, active voice. Root 'vyadh' (to pierce).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - with five (arrows) (with five)

(numeral)

Note: Used instrumentally, indicating means.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies the action of piercing.

हेमपुङ्खैः (hemapuṅkhaiḥ) - with gold-feathered (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hemapuṅkha

hemapuṅkha - gold-feathered (an arrow with gold feathers)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (heman+puṅkha)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• puṅkha – feather, shaft (of an arrow)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied arrows, matching `pañcabhiḥ`.

शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - with rock-sharpened (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śilāśita

śilāśita - rock-sharpened, sharpened on stone

Past Passive Participle (śita)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śilā+śita)

• śilā – rock, stone
  noun (feminine)
• śita – sharpened, whetted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śo/śā (to sharpen)
  Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied arrows, matching `pañcabhiḥ`.