महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-150, verse-81

तद्बाणैरर्दितं यूथं रक्षसां पीनवक्षसाम् ।
सिंहेनेवार्दितं वन्यं गजानामाकुलं कुलम् ॥८१॥

81. tadbāṇairarditaṁ yūthaṁ rakṣasāṁ pīnavakṣasām ,
siṁhenevārditaṁ vanyaṁ gajānāmākulaṁ kulam.

81. tatbāṇaiḥ arditam yūtham rakṣasām pīnavakṣasām |
siṃhena iva ārditam vanyam gajānām ākulam kulam

81. tatbāṇaiḥ arditam pīnavakṣasām rakṣasām yūtham,
siṃhena iva arditam vanyam gajānām ākulam kulam

81. That host of stout-chested Rākṣasas, tormented by those arrows, became agitated, much like a wild herd of elephants (gaja) disturbed by a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्बाणैः (tatbāṇaiḥ) - by those arrows

• अर्दितम् (arditam) - tormented (tormented, afflicted, distressed, wounded)

• यूथम् (yūtham) - host (herd, multitude, host, group)

• रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of Rākṣasas (of Rākṣasas, of demons)

• पीनवक्षसाम् (pīnavakṣasām) - of stout-chested ones (of those with stout chests, broad-chested)

• सिंहेन (siṁhena) - by a lion

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if, similar to)

• आर्दितम् (ārditam) - tormented (tormented, afflicted, distressed)

• वन्यम् (vanyam) - wild (herd) (wild, forest-born, belonging to the forest)

• गजानाम् (gajānām) - of elephants (gaja) (of elephants)

• आकुलम् (ākulam) - agitated (agitated, confused, disturbed, full of, crowded)

• कुलम् (kulam) - herd (herd, family, race, collection)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्बाणैः (tatbāṇaiḥ) - by those arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad-bāṇa

tad-bāṇa - those arrows

Compound: `tad` (that/those) + `bāṇa` (arrow).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tad+bāṇa)

• tad – that, those (neuter demonstrative pronoun)
  pronoun (neuter)
• bāṇa – arrow, dart
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bāṇ

Note: Used here in instrumental plural.

अर्दितम् (arditam) - tormented (tormented, afflicted, distressed, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ardita

ardita - tormented, afflicted, distressed, wounded, crushed

Past Passive Participle

From root `ṛd` or `ard` (to pain, hurt).

Root: ṛd (class 1)

यूथम् (yūtham) - host (herd, multitude, host, group)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yūtha

yūtha - herd, flock, multitude, troop, host, group

रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of Rākṣasas (of Rākṣasas, of demons)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - Rākṣasa, demon, fiend

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Rākṣasa beings.

पीनवक्षसाम् (pīnavakṣasām) - of stout-chested ones (of those with stout chests, broad-chested)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pīnavakṣas

pīnavakṣas - having a full or stout chest, broad-chested

Compound: pīna (fat, stout, full) + vakṣas (chest, breast).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pīna+vakṣas)

• pīna – fat, stout, plump, full, strong
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `pyāy` (to swell, grow fat).
  Root: pyāy (class 1)
• vakṣas – chest, breast, bosom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vah (class 1)

सिंहेन (siṁhena) - by a lion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion, chief, best

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

आर्दितम् (ārditam) - tormented (tormented, afflicted, distressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ārdita

ārdita - tormented, afflicted, distressed, wounded

Past Passive Participle

From root `ṛd` or `ard` (to pain, hurt) with prefix `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛd (class 1)

वन्यम् (vanyam) - wild (herd) (wild, forest-born, belonging to the forest)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vanya

vanya - wild, forest-born, belonging to the forest, savage

Derived from `vana` (forest).

गजानाम् (gajānām) - of elephants (gaja) (of elephants)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant, a specific measure

Root: gaj (class 1)

आकुलम् (ākulam) - agitated (agitated, confused, disturbed, full of, crowded)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākula

ākula - agitated, confused, disturbed, bewildered, full of, crowded

From root `kul` (to collect) with upasarga `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: kul (class 1)

कुलम् (kulam) - herd (herd, family, race, collection)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, race, tribe, clan, herd, multitude, collection

Root: kul (class 1)