महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-150, verse-65

रथाक्षमात्रैरिषुभिरभ्यवर्षद्घटोत्कचः ।
रथिनामृषभं कर्णं धाराभिरिव तोयदः ।
शरवृष्टिं च तां कर्णो दूरप्राप्तामशातयत् ॥६५॥

65. rathākṣamātrairiṣubhirabhyavarṣadghaṭotkacaḥ ,
rathināmṛṣabhaṁ karṇaṁ dhārābhiriva toyadaḥ ,
śaravṛṣṭiṁ ca tāṁ karṇo dūraprāptāmaśātayat.

65. rathākṣamātraiḥ iṣubhiḥ abhyavarṣat
ghaṭotkacaḥ rathinām ṛṣabham karṇam
dhārābhiḥ iva toyadaḥ śaravṛṣṭim
ca tām karṇaḥ dūraprāptām aśātayat

65. ghaṭotkacaḥ rathākṣamātraiḥ iṣubhiḥ
rathinām ṛṣabham karṇam dhārābhiḥ
toyadaḥ iva abhyavarṣat karṇaḥ ca
tām dūraprāptām śaravṛṣṭim aśātayat

65. Ghaṭotkaca rained down arrows, each the size of a chariot wheel, upon Karṇa, the foremost among charioteers, just as a cloud (toyada) showers rain. But Karṇa destroyed that shower of arrows even as it approached from afar.

Words meanings summery:

• रथाक्षमात्रैः (rathākṣamātraiḥ) - of the size of a chariot's axle

• इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - by arrows

• अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - rained upon, showered

• घटोत्कचः (ghaṭotkacaḥ) - Ghaṭotkaca

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• ऋषभम् (ṛṣabham) - the best, the chief, bull

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

• धाराभिः (dhārābhiḥ) - by streams, by showers

• इव (iva) - like, as

• तोयदः (toyadaḥ) - a cloud (water-giver)

• शरवृष्टिम् (śaravṛṣṭim) - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

• च (ca) - and

• ताम् (tām) - that (feminine)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

• दूरप्राप्ताम् (dūraprāptām) - which had reached from afar, coming from a distance

• अशातयत् (aśātayat) - destroyed, cut down, thwarted

Words meanings and morphology

रथाक्षमात्रैः (rathākṣamātraiḥ) - of the size of a chariot's axle

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathākṣamātra

rathākṣamātra - measuring a chariot's axle, of the size of a chariot wheel/axle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+akṣa+mātra)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• akṣa – axle, wheel
  noun (neuter)
• mātra – measure, size, extent; merely
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'iṣubhiḥ'.

इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - rained upon, showered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛṣ

Imperfect Tense

3rd person singular, Paras.pada, with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

घटोत्कचः (ghaṭotkacaḥ) - Ghaṭotkaca

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭotkaca

ghaṭotkaca - Ghaṭotkaca (proper name, son of Bhīma and Hiḍimbā)

Note: Subject of 'abhyavarṣat'.

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

ऋषभम् (ṛṣabham) - the best, the chief, bull

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull; chief, best, excellent

Note: Used metaphorically to mean 'foremost among'.

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name); ear

Note: Object of 'abhyavarṣat'.

धाराभिः (dhārābhiḥ) - by streams, by showers

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of dhārā

dhārā - stream, current, torrent, shower (of rain)

Note: Used in comparison to describe the showering action.

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

तोयदः (toyadaḥ) - a cloud (water-giver)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of toyada

toyada - water-giver, cloud

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (toya+da)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver (suffix)
  noun (masculine)
  Agentive suffix
  Derived from root dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 1)

Note: Subject of comparison.

शरवृष्टिम् (śaravṛṣṭim) - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śaravṛṣṭi

śaravṛṣṭi - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+vṛṣṭi)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'aśātayat'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the second part of the verse.

ताम् (tām) - that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to 'śaravṛṣṭim'.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name); ear

Note: Subject of 'aśātayat'.

दूरप्राप्ताम् (dūraprāptām) - which had reached from afar, coming from a distance

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dūraprāpta

dūraprāpta - reached from afar, obtained from a distance

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from dūra (distance) and prāpta (P.P.P. of prāp - to reach).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dūra+prāpta)

• dūra – distance, far, remote
  noun (neuter)
• prāpta – reached, obtained, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root āp with prefix pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'śaravṛṣṭim'.

अशातयत् (aśātayat) - destroyed, cut down, thwarted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of śātay

Imperfect Tense (Causative)

3rd person singular, Paras.pada, causative of root śat.

Root: śat (class 10)