महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-150, verse-18

तस्य विक्षिपतश्चापं रथे विष्टभ्य तिष्ठतः ।
अश्रूयत धनुर्घोषो विस्फूर्जितमिवाशनेः ॥१८॥

18. tasya vikṣipataścāpaṁ rathe viṣṭabhya tiṣṭhataḥ ,
aśrūyata dhanurghoṣo visphūrjitamivāśaneḥ.

18. tasya vikṣipataḥ ca cāpam rathe viṣṭabhya tiṣṭhataḥ
aśrūyata dhanurghoṣaḥ visphūrjitam iva aśaneḥ

18. rathe viṣṭabhya tiṣṭhataḥ cāpam vikṣipataḥ tasya
dhanurghoṣaḥ aśaneḥ iva visphūrjitam aśrūyata

18. As he stood firmly on his chariot, stretching his bow, the sound of that bow was heard like the roar of a thunderbolt.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (of him, his, of that)

• विक्षिपतः (vikṣipataḥ) - of him, who was stretching (the bow) (of one who is stretching/throwing)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• चापम् (cāpam) - the bow (bow, arc)

• रथे (rathe) - on his chariot (on the chariot, in the chariot)

• विष्टभ्य (viṣṭabhya) - having stood firmly, supporting oneself (having supported, having propped up, firmly standing)

• तिष्ठतः (tiṣṭhataḥ) - of him, who was standing (of one who is standing)

• अश्रूयत (aśrūyata) - was heard (was heard, heard)

• धनुर्घोषः (dhanurghoṣaḥ) - the sound of the bow (sound of a bow, bowstring's twang)

• विस्फूर्जितम् (visphūrjitam) - roar, thundering sound (a loud roar, thunder, rumbling sound)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as if, as)

• अशनेः (aśaneḥ) - of a thunderbolt

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (of him, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Possessive for `vikṣipataḥ` and `tiṣṭhataḥ`.

विक्षिपतः (vikṣipataḥ) - of him, who was stretching (the bow) (of one who is stretching/throwing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vikṣipat

vikṣipat - stretching, throwing, scattering, moving rapidly

Present Active Participle

From root `kṣip` (to throw, cast) with prefix `vi-`.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `tasya`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

चापम् (cāpam) - the bow (bow, arc)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow, arc, curve

रथे (rathe) - on his chariot (on the chariot, in the chariot)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

विष्टभ्य (viṣṭabhya) - having stood firmly, supporting oneself (having supported, having propped up, firmly standing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

From root `stambh` (to stop, support) with prefix `vi-`. Absolutive form.

Prefix: vi

Root: stambh (class 9)

Note: Prior action to standing.

तिष्ठतः (tiṣṭhataḥ) - of him, who was standing (of one who is standing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, staying, existing

Present Active Participle

From root `sthā` (to stand). Reduplicated form `tiṣṭhā`.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `tasya`.

अश्रूयत (aśrūyata) - was heard (was heard, heard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of śru

Imperfect Passive

From root `śru` (to hear) in passive voice, imperfect tense. Augment `a-` + `śru` + `ya` + `ta`.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: The subject is `dhanurghoṣaḥ`.

धनुर्घोषः (dhanurghoṣaḥ) - the sound of the bow (sound of a bow, bowstring's twang)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanurghoṣa

dhanurghoṣa - sound of a bow, twang of a bowstring

Compound: `dhanus` (bow) + `ghoṣa` (sound).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dhanus+ghoṣa)

• dhanus – bow, arc
  noun (neuter)
  Neuter noun ending in `s`.
  Root: dhan (class 1)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  From root `ghuṣ` (to sound).
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

विस्फूर्जितम् (visphūrjitam) - roar, thundering sound (a loud roar, thunder, rumbling sound)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of visphūrjita

visphūrjita - roaring, thundering, flashing, shining, manifestation

Past Passive Participle

From root `sphūrj` (to thunder, roar) with prefix `vi-`.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphūrj (class 1)

Note: Compared to `dhanurghoṣaḥ`.

इव (iva) - like (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

अशनेः (aśaneḥ) - of a thunderbolt

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aśani

aśani - thunderbolt, lightning, Indra's weapon

Masculine noun, `i`-stem.

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Possessor of `visphūrjitam`.