महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-60

गुर्वर्थं वाभयार्थं वा वर्जयित्वा युधिष्ठिर ।
येऽनृतं कथयन्ति स्म ते वै निरयगामिनः ॥६०॥

60. gurvarthaṁ vābhayārthaṁ vā varjayitvā yudhiṣṭhira ,
ye'nṛtaṁ kathayanti sma te vai nirayagāminaḥ.

60. gurvartham vā abhayārtham vā varjayitvā yudhiṣṭhira
ye anṛtam kathayanti sma te vai nirayagāminaḥ

60. yudhiṣṭhira ye gurvartham vā abhayārtham vā
varjayitvā anṛtam kathayanti sma te vai nirayagāminaḥ

60. O Yudhiṣṭhira, excluding those instances where untruth is spoken for the sake of a preceptor or for the sake of safety, those who habitually speak lies certainly go to hell.

Words meanings summery:

• गुर्वर्थम् (gurvartham) - for the sake of the preceptor; for a weighty matter; for an important purpose

• वा (vā) - or

• अभयार्थम् (abhayārtham) - for the sake of safety; for the purpose of fearlessness

• वा (vā) - or

• वर्जयित्वा (varjayitvā) - having excepted; having excluded; except

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira

• ये (ye) - those who; which

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth; falsehood; lie

• कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - they tell; they speak

• स्म (sma) - indeed; (with present tense verb) indicates past action

• ते (te) - they; those

• वै (vai) - indeed; certainly; surely

• निरयगामिनः (nirayagāminaḥ) - those who go to hell; hell-goers; destined for hell

Words meanings and morphology

गुर्वर्थम् (gurvartham) - for the sake of the preceptor; for a weighty matter; for an important purpose

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gurvartha

gurvartha - for the sake of the guru; for a weighty purpose

Compound type : tatpurusha (guru+artha)

• guru – preceptor, teacher, weighty, heavy
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अभयार्थम् (abhayārtham) - for the sake of safety; for the purpose of fearlessness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhayārtha

abhayārtha - for the sake of safety; for the sake of fearlessness

Compound type : tatpurusha (abhaya+artha)

• abhaya – fearlessness, safety, security
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

वर्जयित्वा (varjayitvā) - having excepted; having excluded; except

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from the causative stem of √vṛj (to abandon, avoid) with the -tvā suffix

Root: vṛj (class 1)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)

ये (ye) - those who; which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, refers to the individuals who speak untruth

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth; falsehood; lie

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruth, falsehood, lie; false, untrue

Negation (a-) of ṛta (truth, cosmic order)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+ṛta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• ṛta – truth, cosmic order, right
  noun (neuter)

Note: Direct object of 'kathayanti'

कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - they tell; they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kath

present active

Causative stem of √kath (often considered a denominative from katha)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past habitual action

स्म (sma) - indeed; (with present tense verb) indicates past action

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they; those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Correlative pronoun, refers back to 'ye'

वै (vai) - indeed; certainly; surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

निरयगामिनः (nirayagāminaḥ) - those who go to hell; hell-goers; destined for hell

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirayagāmin

nirayagāmin - going to hell; hell-going

Compound of niraya (hell) and gāmin (going)

Compound type : tatpurusha (niraya+gāmin)

• niraya – hell, perdition
  noun (masculine)
• gāmin – going, moving, leading to
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  From √gam (to go) with the -in suffix
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'te'