महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-55

व्रतिनो नियमस्थाश्च ये विप्राः श्रुतसंमताः ।
तत्समाप्त्यर्थमिच्छन्ति तेषु दत्तं महाफलम् ॥५५॥

55. vratino niyamasthāśca ye viprāḥ śrutasaṁmatāḥ ,
tatsamāptyarthamicchanti teṣu dattaṁ mahāphalam.

55. vratinaḥ niyamasthāḥ ca ye viprāḥ śrutasaṃmatāḥ
tatsamāptyartham icchanti teṣu dattam mahāphalam

55. Great merit is obtained by giving to those Brahmins who observe vows and disciplines, are respected for their sacred knowledge, and who desire (aid) for the completion of those (vows/disciplines).

Words meanings summery:

• व्रतिनः (vratinaḥ) - observers of vows (those who observe vows, ascetics)

• नियमस्थाः (niyamasthāḥ) - established in disciplines (established in observances/restraints, adhering to rules)

• च (ca) - and

• ये (ye) - who (referring to Brahmins) (who, which)

• विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Brahmins, learned ones

• श्रुतसंमताः (śrutasaṁmatāḥ) - respected for their sacred knowledge (approved by sacred texts, respected for knowledge of the Vedas)

• तत्समाप्त्यर्थम् (tatsamāptyartham) - for the completion of those (vows/disciplines) (for the sake of the completion of that, for the purpose of completing that)

• इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they desire (aid) (they wish, they desire)

• तेषु (teṣu) - to them (as recipients of a gift) (to them, in them, among them)

• दत्तम् (dattam) - a gift given (given, donated)

• महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - yields great merit (great fruit, great reward, greatly meritorious)

Words meanings and morphology

व्रतिनः (vratinaḥ) - observers of vows (those who observe vows, ascetics)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vratin

vratin - one who observes a vow, ascetic, devout person

Note: Agrees with 'ye viprāḥ'.

नियमस्थाः (niyamasthāḥ) - established in disciplines (established in observances/restraints, adhering to rules)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niyamastha

niyamastha - one who adheres to observances, established in rules or disciplines

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niyama+stha)

• niyama – observance, rule, restraint, discipline
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, existing in, adhering to
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ye viprāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who (referring to Brahmins) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun, subject of the clause.

विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Brahmins, learned ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, learned, inspired, a sage

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

श्रुतसंमताः (śrutasaṁmatāḥ) - respected for their sacred knowledge (approved by sacred texts, respected for knowledge of the Vedas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śrutasaṃmata

śrutasaṁmata - approved by sacred texts, respected for knowledge of the Vedas or sacred learning

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śruta+saṃmata)

• śruta – heard, learned, Vedic knowledge, sacred text
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix 'kta'.
  Root: śru (class 5)
• saṃmata – approved, agreed upon, respected, esteemed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'man' (to think) with prefix 'sam' and suffix 'kta'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'ye viprāḥ'.

तत्समाप्त्यर्थम् (tatsamāptyartham) - for the completion of those (vows/disciplines) (for the sake of the completion of that, for the purpose of completing that)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+samāptyartha)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• samāptyartha – purpose of completion, for completion
  noun (masculine)
• samāpti – completion, end, conclusion
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially.

इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they desire (aid) (they wish, they desire)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: The subject is 'ye viprāḥ'.

तेषु (teṣu) - to them (as recipients of a gift) (to them, in them, among them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Functions here in a dative sense, indicating the recipient of the gift ('dattam').

दत्तम् (dattam) - a gift given (given, donated)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, donated, granted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dā' (to give) with suffix 'kta'.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Functions as a noun here, 'that which is given'.

महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - yields great merit (great fruit, great reward, greatly meritorious)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahāphala

mahāphala - great fruit, great reward, highly beneficial, greatly meritorious

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+phala)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• phala – fruit, result, reward, consequence, merit
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicative noun, implying 'is a great merit'.