महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-13, chapter-24, verse-66
सूचकाः संधिभेत्तारः परवृत्त्युपजीवकाः ।
अकृतज्ञाश्च मित्राणां ते वै निरयगामिनः ॥६६॥
अकृतज्ञाश्च मित्राणां ते वै निरयगामिनः ॥६६॥
66. sūcakāḥ saṁdhibhettāraḥ paravṛttyupajīvakāḥ ,
akṛtajñāśca mitrāṇāṁ te vai nirayagāminaḥ.
akṛtajñāśca mitrāṇāṁ te vai nirayagāminaḥ.
66.
sūcakāḥ sandhibhettāraḥ paravṛttyupajīvakāḥ
akṛtajñāḥ ca mitrāṇām te vai nirayagāminaḥ
akṛtajñāḥ ca mitrāṇām te vai nirayagāminaḥ
66.
ye sūcakāḥ sandhibhettāraḥ paravṛttyupajīvakāḥ
ca mitrāṇām akṛtajñāḥ te vai nirayagāminaḥ
ca mitrāṇām akṛtajñāḥ te vai nirayagāminaḥ
66.
Those who are informers, breakers of treaties, those who live off others' means, and those ungrateful to their friends—they certainly go to hell.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सूचकाः (sūcakāḥ) - informers or betrayers (informers, slanderers, betrayers)
- सन्धिभेत्तारः (sandhibhettāraḥ) - breakers of treaties or alliances (breakers of treaties/agreements, sowers of discord)
- परवृत्त्युपजीवकाः (paravṛttyupajīvakāḥ) - those who live by exploiting others' means (those who live off others' means, parasites)
- अकृतज्ञाः (akṛtajñāḥ) - ungrateful people (ungrateful ones)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- मित्राणाम् (mitrāṇām) - towards friends (of friends)
- ते (te) - they (referring to the implied agents) (they, those)
- वै (vai) - certainly (emphatic particle) (indeed, certainly)
- निरयगामिनः (nirayagāminaḥ) - will certainly go to hell (bound for hell, going to hell)
Words meanings and morphology
सूचकाः (sūcakāḥ) - informers or betrayers (informers, slanderers, betrayers)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sūcaka
sūcaka - informer, indicator, betrayer, slanderer
agent noun
From root sūc (to inform, indicate).
Root: sūc (class 10)
Note: Subject in the nominative plural.
सन्धिभेत्तारः (sandhibhettāraḥ) - breakers of treaties or alliances (breakers of treaties/agreements, sowers of discord)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sandhibhettṛ
sandhibhettṛ - one who breaks agreements/treaties, a spy causing disunion
agent noun
Compound of 'sandhi' (agreement) and 'bhettṛ' (breaker).
Compound type : tatpurusha (sandhi+bhettṛ)
- sandhi – union, junction, peace, treaty, agreement
noun (masculine)
From sam + dhā (to place together).
Prefix: sam
Root: dhā (class 3) - bhettṛ – breaker, cutter, one who divides or separates
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From root bhid (to break, split).
Root: bhid (class 7)
Note: Subject in the nominative plural.
परवृत्त्युपजीवकाः (paravṛttyupajīvakāḥ) - those who live by exploiting others' means (those who live off others' means, parasites)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of paravṛttyupajīvaka
paravṛttyupajīvaka - living on another's means, a parasite, dependent on others' livelihood
agent noun
Compound of 'para' (other), 'vṛtti' (livelihood), and 'upajīvaka' (one who lives by/on).
Compound type : tatpurusha (para+vṛtti+upajīvaka)
- para – other, another, supreme, distant
adjective (masculine) - vṛtti – livelihood, subsistence, course, activity
noun (feminine)
From root vṛt (to turn, exist).
Root: vṛt (class 1) - upajīvaka – one who lives by or on, dependent, supporter
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From upa + jīv (to live).
Prefix: upa
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: Subject in the nominative plural.
अकृतज्ञाः (akṛtajñāḥ) - ungrateful people (ungrateful ones)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of akṛtajña
akṛtajña - ungrateful, unthankful, ignorant of good deeds, one who does not know what has been done
Compound of 'a' (not), 'kṛta' (done, good deed), and 'jña' (knowing).
Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kṛta+jña)
- a – not, non-, without
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - kṛta – done, made, performed, deed, good deed
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root kṛ (to do, make).
Root: kṛ (class 8) - jña – knowing, aware, one who knows
adjective (masculine)
agent noun suffix
From root jñā (to know).
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Subject in the nominative plural.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
Note: Connects 'akṛtajñāḥ' with the preceding list of subjects.
मित्राणाम् (mitrāṇām) - towards friends (of friends)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of mitra
mitra - friend, companion, ally, the sun god
Note: Governs 'akṛtajñāḥ' (ungrateful towards friends).
ते (te) - they (referring to the implied agents) (they, those)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Corresponds to the subjects listed previously.
वै (vai) - certainly (emphatic particle) (indeed, certainly)
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
निरयगामिनः (nirayagāminaḥ) - will certainly go to hell (bound for hell, going to hell)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nirayagāmin
nirayagāmin - going to hell, destined for hell, hell-goer
agent noun / present participle suffix
Compound of 'niraya' (hell) and 'gāmin' (one who goes).
Compound type : tatpurusha (niraya+gāmin)
- niraya – hell, underworld, abode of punishment
noun (masculine)
From ni + root i (to go).
Prefix: ni
Root: i (class 2) - gāmin – going, moving, leading to, one who goes
adjective (masculine)
agent noun / present participle suffix -in
From root gam (to go) with suffix -in.
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Predicate adjective for 'te'.