महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-10

मन्त्रहीनं क्रियाहीनं यच्छ्राद्धं परिविष्यते ।
त्रिभिर्वर्णैर्नरश्रेष्ठ तं भागं रक्षसां विदुः ॥१०॥

10. mantrahīnaṁ kriyāhīnaṁ yacchrāddhaṁ pariviṣyate ,
tribhirvarṇairnaraśreṣṭha taṁ bhāgaṁ rakṣasāṁ viduḥ.

10. mantrahīnam kriyāhīnam yat śrāddham pariviṣyate
tribhiḥ varṇaiḥ naraśreṣṭha tam bhagam rakṣasām viduḥ

10. naraśreṣṭha yat śrāddham mantrahīnam kriyāhīnam ca
tribhiḥ varṇaiḥ pariviṣyate tam bhagam rakṣasām viduḥ

10. O best among men, if an ancestral ritual (śrāddha) is performed devoid of sacred recitations and proper rites, and is served by the three (upper) classes, then that portion is considered to belong to the Rākṣasas (demons).

Words meanings summery:

• मन्त्रहीनम् (mantrahīnam) - devoid of sacred recitations, without mantras

• क्रियाहीनम् (kriyāhīnam) - devoid of rites, without proper actions

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral ritual, funeral rite

• परिविष्यते (pariviṣyate) - is served, is offered

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three

• वर्णैः (varṇaiḥ) - By the three upper classes (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya). (by the classes/castes)

• नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best of men

• तम् (tam) - that

• भगम् (bhagam) - portion, share, part

• रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the Rākṣasas, for the Rākṣasas

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they consider

Words meanings and morphology

मन्त्रहीनम् (mantrahīnam) - devoid of sacred recitations, without mantras

(adjective)

neuter, singular of mantrahīna

mantrahīna - devoid of mantras, without sacred spells/incantations

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mantra+hīna)

• mantra – sacred recitation, hymn, spell, counsel
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)
• hīna – devoid of, deficient in, abandoned, left out
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √hā (to abandon, forsake).
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'śrāddham'.

क्रियाहीनम् (kriyāhīnam) - devoid of rites, without proper actions

(adjective)

neuter, singular of kriyāhīna

kriyāhīna - devoid of actions/rites, without ritual acts

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kriyā+hīna)

• kriyā – action, rite, ritual, performance
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• hīna – devoid of, deficient in, abandoned, left out
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √hā (to abandon, forsake).
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'śrāddham'.

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that which, whoever

Note: Refers to 'śrāddham'.

श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral ritual, funeral rite

(noun)

neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - ancestral ritual, funeral rite, faith, reverence

Derived from śrat-dhā (to place faith).

Root: dhā (class 3)

परिविष्यते (pariviṣyate) - is served, is offered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pariviṣ

Present Tense

3rd person singular, present tense, passive voice, middle voice ending (-yate).

Prefix: pari

Root: viṣ (class 3)

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 'varṇaiḥ'.

वर्णैः (varṇaiḥ) - By the three upper classes (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya). (by the classes/castes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, class, caste, social order

नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best of men, foremost among men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, human, person
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya (praiseworthy).

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'bhagam'.

भगम् (bhagam) - portion, share, part

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāga

bhāga - portion, share, part, division

Derived from root √bhaj (to divide, share).

Root: bhaj (class 1)

रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the Rākṣasas, for the Rākṣasas

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - Rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Implies ownership or dedication: 'a portion for the Rākṣasas'.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they consider

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Tense

3rd person plural, present tense, parasmaipada. Root vid (class 2 adādi).

Root: vid (class 2)