महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-48

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
पित्र्यं वाप्यथ वा दैवं दीयते यत्पितामह ।
एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं दत्तं येषु महाफलम् ॥४८॥

48. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
pitryaṁ vāpyatha vā daivaṁ dīyate yatpitāmaha ,
etadicchāmyahaṁ śrotuṁ dattaṁ yeṣu mahāphalam.

48. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | pitryaṃ vā api atha vā daivaṃ dīyate yat
pitāmaha | etat icchāmi ahaṃ śrotuṃ dattaṃ yeṣu mahāphalam

48. Yudhishthira said: "O Grandfather, I wish to hear this: among whom does that which is given, whether for ancestors or for the gods, yield great results?"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - ancestral, paternal, relating to ancestors

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover

• वा (vā) - or

• दैवम् (daivam) - divine, celestial, relating to gods

• दीयते (dīyate) - is given, is offered

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - Addressing Bhishma, Yudhishthira's great-uncle (often called grandfather) (O grandfather)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire, I wish

• अहम् (aham) - I

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

• दत्तम् (dattam) - given, offered

• येषु (yeṣu) - among whom, in whom

• महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - great fruit, great reward, yielding great results

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; a proper name, son of Pandu

Compound type : tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  indeclinable
  locative of yudh (fight)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

perfect tense

root vac, perfect 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - ancestral, paternal, relating to ancestors

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pitrya

pitrya - ancestral, paternal, belonging to ancestors

derived from pitṛ (father, ancestor)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

दैवम् (daivam) - divine, celestial, relating to gods

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, celestial, relating to gods

derived from deva (god)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter

दीयते (dīyate) - is given, is offered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of dā

present tense, passive voice

root dā, present 3rd singular passive

Root: dā (class 3)

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter

पितामह (pitāmaha) - Addressing Bhishma, Yudhishthira's great-uncle (often called grandfather) (O grandfather)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, great ancestor

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Can also be nominative singular neuter

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire, I wish

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of iṣ

present tense, active voice

root iṣ, present 1st singular active

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

(verb)

infinitive

infinitive form of root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

दत्तम् (dattam) - given, offered

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, offered

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter

येषु (yeṣu) - among whom, in whom

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which

Note: Can also be neuter plural locative

महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - great fruit, great reward, yielding great results

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahāphala

mahāphala - great fruit, great result, great reward

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+phala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• phala – fruit, result, reward, consequence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter