महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-43

अथ राजन्यवैश्याभ्यां यद्यश्नीयात्तु केतितः ।
यवीयान्पशुहिंसायां भागार्धं समवाप्नुयात् ॥४३॥

43. atha rājanyavaiśyābhyāṁ yadyaśnīyāttu ketitaḥ ,
yavīyānpaśuhiṁsāyāṁ bhāgārdhaṁ samavāpnuyāt.

43. atha rājanyavaiśyābhyām yadi aśnīyāt tu ketitaḥ
yavīyān paśuhiṃsāyām bhāgārdham samavāpnuyāt

43. atha yadi rājanyavaiśyābhyām ketitaḥ aśnīyāt tu,
yavīyān paśuhiṃsāyām bhāgārdham samavāpnuyāt.

43. Now, if he eats, having been invited by a kṣatriya or a vaiśya, then he (the brahmin who accepts the invitation) would incur half the moral consequence (adharma) of animal violence.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon, moreover

• राजन्यवैश्याभ्याम् (rājanyavaiśyābhyām) - by kṣatriyas and vaiśyas (dual instrumental)

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat, may eat

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• केतितः (ketitaḥ) - invited, called, summoned

• यवीयान् (yavīyān) - the brahmin (who eats inappropriately) (younger, more junior, inferior)

• पशुहिंसायाम् (paśuhiṁsāyām) - in animal harm, in animal violence, in causing injury to animals

• भागार्धम् (bhāgārdham) - half the share of the moral consequence (adharma) (half share, half part)

• समवाप्नुयात् (samavāpnuyāt) - should incur (the consequence) (should obtain, should attain, should acquire, should incur)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon, moreover

(indeclinable)

राजन्यवैश्याभ्याम् (rājanyavaiśyābhyām) - by kṣatriyas and vaiśyas (dual instrumental)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of rājanyavaiśya

rājanyavaiśya - kṣatriyas and vaiśyas (members of the warrior and merchant classes)

Compound type : dvandva (rājanya+vaiśya)

• rājanya – a kṣatriya, a king's son, a member of the royal class
  noun (masculine)
• vaiśya – a vaiśya (member of the third social class, typically merchants, farmers, artisans)
  noun (masculine)

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat, may eat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of aś

Root: aś (class 9)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

केतितः (ketitaḥ) - invited, called, summoned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ketita

ketita - invited, called, made known, indicated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kit- 'to invite, call' or ket- 'to know'

Root: kit (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied subject 'saḥ' (he, the brahmin)

यवीयान् (yavīyān) - the brahmin (who eats inappropriately) (younger, more junior, inferior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuvana

yuvana - young, youthful

Note: Agrees with implied subject 'saḥ' (he, the brahmin)

पशुहिंसायाम् (paśuhiṁsāyām) - in animal harm, in animal violence, in causing injury to animals

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of paśuhiṃsā

paśuhiṁsā - animal harm, violence against animals, animal slaughter

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paśu+hiṃsā)

• paśu – animal, beast, cattle
  noun (masculine)
• hiṃsā – harm, injury, violence, slaughter
  noun (feminine)
  action noun
  Derived from root hiṃs- 'to injure'
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

भागार्धम् (bhāgārdham) - half the share of the moral consequence (adharma) (half share, half part)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhāgārdha

bhāgārdha - half portion, half share

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāga+ardha)

• bhāga – share, portion, part, division
  noun (masculine)
• ardha – half, part, side
  noun (masculine/neuter)

समवाप्नुयात् (samavāpnuyāt) - should incur (the consequence) (should obtain, should attain, should acquire, should incur)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of sam-ava-āp

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: āp (class 5)