महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-15

चिकित्सका देवलका वृथानियमधारिणः ।
सोमविक्रयिणश्चैव श्राद्धे नार्हन्ति केतनम् ॥१५॥

15. cikitsakā devalakā vṛthāniyamadhāriṇaḥ ,
somavikrayiṇaścaiva śrāddhe nārhanti ketanam.

15. cikitsakāḥ devalakāḥ vṛthāniyamadhāriṇaḥ
somavikrayiṇaḥ ca eva śrāddhe na arhanti ketanam

15. cikitsakāḥ devalakāḥ vṛthāniyamadhāriṇaḥ ca
eva somavikrayiṇaḥ śrāddhe ketanam na arhanti

15. Physicians, temple priests, those who uphold meaningless vows, and also sellers of soma (plant/juice)—they are not worthy of an invitation to a ritual dedicated to ancestors.

Words meanings summery:

• चिकित्सकाः (cikitsakāḥ) - physicians (physicians, healers)

• देवलकाः (devalakāḥ) - temple priests (temple priests, idol-worshippers)

• वृथानियमधारिणः (vṛthāniyamadhāriṇaḥ) - those who uphold meaningless vows (those who maintain useless vows, upholders of meaningless rules)

• सोमविक्रयिणः (somavikrayiṇaḥ) - sellers of soma (plant/juice) (sellers of Soma)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - (for emphasis) (indeed, only, just, certainly)

• श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - to a ritual dedicated to ancestors (in a śrāddha ritual, for a śrāddha)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - are worthy (are worthy, deserve)

• केतनम् (ketanam) - an invitation (to a ritual feast) (invitation, abode, sign, banner)

Words meanings and morphology

चिकित्सकाः (cikitsakāḥ) - physicians (physicians, healers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cikitsaka

cikitsaka - physician, doctor, healer

From desiderative stem of kit (to heal) + aka suffix.

Root: kit (class 10)

देवलकाः (devalakāḥ) - temple priests (temple priests, idol-worshippers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devalaka

devalaka - temple priest, an idol-worshipper

From deva (god) + la + ka suffix. Implies one who lives by serving idols.

वृथानियमधारिणः (vṛthāniyamadhāriṇaḥ) - those who uphold meaningless vows (those who maintain useless vows, upholders of meaningless rules)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛthāniyamadhārin

vṛthāniyamadhārin - one who maintains useless vows or rules

Bahuvrihi compound: vṛthā (uselessly) + niyama (vow) + dhārin (holder).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛthā+niyama+dhārin)

• vṛthā – uselessly, in vain, falsely
  indeclinable
• niyama – rule, discipline, vow, restraint
  noun (masculine)
  From ni (prefix) + yam (root, to restrain).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• dhārin – bearing, holding, maintaining
  adjective (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold) + ṇin suffix.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सोमविक्रयिणः (somavikrayiṇaḥ) - sellers of soma (plant/juice) (sellers of Soma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of somavikrayin

somavikrayin - seller of Soma

Compound: soma (Soma) + vikrayin (seller).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (soma+vikrayin)

• soma – Soma plant, its juice, Moon god
  noun (masculine)
• vikrayin – seller, vendor
  noun (masculine)
  From vi (prefix) + krī (root, to buy) + ṇin suffix.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: krī (class 9)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एव (eva) - (for emphasis) (indeed, only, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Particle for emphasis.

श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - to a ritual dedicated to ancestors (in a śrāddha ritual, for a śrāddha)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - a funeral rite, oblation to ancestors, faith, devotion

From śraddhā (faith) + aṇ suffix.

Note: Refers to the śrāddha ceremony.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - are worthy (are worthy, deserve)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of arh

Present active

Present indicative 3rd person plural, root arh (class 1).

Root: arh (class 1)

केतनम् (ketanam) - an invitation (to a ritual feast) (invitation, abode, sign, banner)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ketana

ketana - sign, banner, abode, invitation, dwelling

From root kit (to know, perceive) + ana suffix.

Root: kit (class 10)