महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-8

परोच्छिष्टं च यद्भुक्तं परिभुक्तं च यद्भवेत् ।
दैवे पित्र्ये च सततं तं भागं रक्षसां विदुः ॥८॥

8. parocchiṣṭaṁ ca yadbhuktaṁ paribhuktaṁ ca yadbhavet ,
daive pitrye ca satataṁ taṁ bhāgaṁ rakṣasāṁ viduḥ.

8. parocchiṣṭam ca yat bhuktam paribhuktam ca yat bhavet
daive pitrye ca satatam tam bhagam rakṣasām viduḥ

8. yat parocchiṣṭam ca yat paribhuktam daive pitrye
ca bhavet tam bhagam satatam rakṣasām viduḥ

8. Whatever food is offered in connection with deities or ancestors, if it consists of leftovers from others or has already been consumed, that portion is always considered to belong to the Rākṣasas (demons).

Words meanings summery:

• परोच्छिष्टम् (parocchiṣṭam) - remnants of others' food, food left by others

• च (ca) - and, also

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• भुक्तम् (bhuktam) - eaten, consumed

• परिभुक्तम् (paribhuktam) - consumed, enjoyed, previously eaten

• च (ca) - and, also

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be

• दैवे (daive) - In the context of divine offerings or rituals. (in divine matters, in relation to gods)

• पित्र्ये (pitrye) - In the context of ancestral rites or offerings. (in ancestral matters, in relation to ancestors)

• च (ca) - and, also

• सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly

• तम् (tam) - that

• भगम् (bhagam) - portion, share, part

• रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the Rākṣasas, for the Rākṣasas

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they consider

Words meanings and morphology

परोच्छिष्टम् (parocchiṣṭam) - remnants of others' food, food left by others

(noun)

neuter, singular of parocchiṣṭa

parocchiṣṭa - remnants of others' food, food left by others

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+ucchiṣṭa)

• para – other, another, foreign
  adjective (masculine)
• ucchiṣṭa – eaten, left over (food)
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √śiṣ (to leave, to remain) with ud prefix.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Sandhi a+u -> o is internal to the compound.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that which, whoever

Note: Refers to an implied 'food' or 'offering'.

भुक्तम् (bhuktam) - eaten, consumed

(adjective)

neuter, singular of bhukta

bhukta - eaten, consumed, enjoyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhuj (to eat, enjoy).

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Used here as an adjective modifying an implied 'food'.

परिभुक्तम् (paribhuktam) - consumed, enjoyed, previously eaten

(adjective)

neuter, singular of paribhukta

paribhukta - consumed, enjoyed, previously eaten

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhuj (to eat, enjoy) with pari prefix.

Prefix: pari

Root: bhuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that which, whoever

Note: Refers to an implied 'food' or 'offering'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood

3rd person singular, optative mood, parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

दैवे (daive) - In the context of divine offerings or rituals. (in divine matters, in relation to gods)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, relating to gods, fate

Derived from deva (god).

पित्र्ये (pitrye) - In the context of ancestral rites or offerings. (in ancestral matters, in relation to ancestors)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pitrya

pitrya - ancestral, relating to ancestors

Derived from pitṛ (father/ancestor).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an adverb.

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'bhagam'.

भगम् (bhagam) - portion, share, part

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāga

bhāga - portion, share, part, division

Derived from root √bhaj (to divide, share).

Root: bhaj (class 1)

रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the Rākṣasas, for the Rākṣasas

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - Rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Implies ownership or dedication: 'a portion for the Rākṣasas'.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they consider

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Tense

3rd person plural, present tense, parasmaipada. Root vid (class 2 adādi).

Root: vid (class 2)