महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-32

अर्जयित्वा धनं पूर्वं दारुणैः कृषिकर्मभिः ।
भवेत्सर्वातिथिः पश्चात्स राजन्केतनक्षमः ॥३२॥

32. arjayitvā dhanaṁ pūrvaṁ dāruṇaiḥ kṛṣikarmabhiḥ ,
bhavetsarvātithiḥ paścātsa rājanketanakṣamaḥ.

32. arjayitvā dhanam pūrvam dāruṇaiḥ kṛṣikarmabhiḥ
bhavet sarvātithiḥ paścāt saḥ rājan ketanakṣamaḥ

32. O king, having first acquired wealth through arduous agricultural endeavors, a person who subsequently becomes a host to all (guests) is truly capable of maintaining a proper home.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जयित्वा (arjayitvā) - having acquired, having earned

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches, money

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, before, earlier, formerly

• दारुणैः (dāruṇaiḥ) - by terrible, by dreadful, by harsh

• कृषिकर्मभिः (kṛṣikarmabhiḥ) - by agricultural activities, by farming tasks

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may he be, he should be, he would be

• सर्वातिथिः (sarvātithiḥ) - one who has all as guests, a host to all

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, later, subsequently, behind

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• केतनक्षमः (ketanakṣamaḥ) - capable of maintaining a household, fit for a home

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जयित्वा (arjayitvā) - having acquired, having earned

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √ṛj with causative suffix -ayi and Absolutive suffix -tvā.

Root: √ṛj (class 1)

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches, money

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

From root √dhā 'to place, put'.

Root: √dhā (class 3)

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, before, earlier, formerly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here to mean 'first' or 'previously'.

दारुणैः (dāruṇaiḥ) - by terrible, by dreadful, by harsh

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - harsh, severe, dreadful, cruel, terrible

From dāru (wood, timber), possibly related to hardness or cruelty.

Note: Agrees with kṛṣikarmabhiḥ.

कृषिकर्मभिः (kṛṣikarmabhiḥ) - by agricultural activities, by farming tasks

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kṛṣikarma

kṛṣikarma - agricultural work, farming activity

Compound of kṛṣi and karma.

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛṣi+karma)

• kṛṣi – agriculture, farming
  noun (feminine)
  From root √kṛṣ 'to plough'.
  Root: √kṛṣ (class 1)
• karma – action, work, deed, activity
  noun (neuter)
  From root √kṛ 'to do'.
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may he be, he should be, he would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √bhū

Optative mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root: √bhū (class 1)

सर्वातिथिः (sarvātithiḥ) - one who has all as guests, a host to all

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvātithi

sarvātithi - one who has all as guests, hospitable to all

Compound of sarva and atithi.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+atithi)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun/adjective (masculine)
• atithi – guest, stranger
  noun (masculine)
  Literally 'without a fixed time/date' (a-tithi).

Note: Refers to the person who is the host.

पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, later, subsequently, behind

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tāt, used adverbially.

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

From root √rāj 'to rule'.

Root: √rāj (class 1)

केतनक्षमः (ketanakṣamaḥ) - capable of maintaining a household, fit for a home

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ketanakṣama

ketanakṣama - capable of maintaining a house/home, fit for a dwelling

Compound of ketana and kṣama.

Compound type : tatpurusha (ketana+kṣama)

• ketana – house, home, dwelling, banner, flag
  noun (neuter)
  From root √kit 'to dwell'.
  Root: √kit (class 10)
• kṣama – able, capable, fit, suitable, patient
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √kṣam 'to be patient, endure, be able'.
  Root: √kṣam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'.