महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-29

उदितास्तमितो यश्च तथैवास्तमितोदितः ।
अहिंस्रश्चाल्पदोषश्च स राजन्केतनक्षमः ॥२९॥

29. uditāstamito yaśca tathaivāstamitoditaḥ ,
ahiṁsraścālpadoṣaśca sa rājanketanakṣamaḥ.

29. uditāstamitaḥ yaḥ ca tathā eva astamitoditaḥ
ahiṃsraḥ ca alpadoṣaḥ ca saḥ rājan ketanakṣamaḥ

29. rājan yaḥ ca uditāstamitaḥ tathā eva astamitoditaḥ
ca ahiṃsraḥ ca alpadoṣaḥ saḥ ketanakṣamaḥ

29. And whoever performs his rites at both sunrise and sunset, and likewise at sunset and sunrise, who is non-violent (ahiṃsra) and has few faults, O king, he is worthy of the banner (of a renunciant).

Words meanings summery:

• उदितास्तमितः (uditāstamitaḥ) - one who performs rituals at sunrise and sunset (one who has risen and set; (one who acts) at sunrise and sunset)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, certainly

• अस्तमितोदितः (astamitoditaḥ) - one who performs rituals at sunset and sunrise (one who has set and risen; (one who acts) at sunset and sunrise)

• अहिंस्रः (ahiṁsraḥ) - non-violent, harmless

• च (ca) - and, also

• अल्पदोषः (alpadoṣaḥ) - having few faults

• च (ca) - and, also

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhritarashtra (vocative address) (O king)

• केतनक्षमः (ketanakṣamaḥ) - worthy of the banner (symbolizing a renunciant's status or spiritual distinction) (worthy of the banner, fit for the sign/emblem)

Words meanings and morphology

उदितास्तमितः (uditāstamitaḥ) - one who performs rituals at sunrise and sunset (one who has risen and set; (one who acts) at sunrise and sunset)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uditāstamita

uditāstamita - risen and set (like the sun); observing rites at dawn and dusk

Compound type : dvandva (udita+astamita)

• udita – risen, appeared, ascended
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'vad' with prefix 'ud'
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vad (class 1)
• astamita – set (as the sun), disappeared
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'i' with prefix 'astam'
  Prefix: astam
  Root: i (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, whoever

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

अस्तमितोदितः (astamitoditaḥ) - one who performs rituals at sunset and sunrise (one who has set and risen; (one who acts) at sunset and sunrise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of astamitodita

astamitodita - set and risen; observing rites at dusk and dawn

Compound type : dvandva (astamita+udita)

• astamita – set (as the sun), disappeared
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'i' with prefix 'astam'
  Prefix: astam
  Root: i (class 2)
• udita – risen, appeared, ascended
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'vad' with prefix 'ud'
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vad (class 1)

अहिंस्रः (ahiṁsraḥ) - non-violent, harmless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahiṃsra

ahiṁsra - harmless, non-injuring, non-violent

negative prefix 'a' + 'hiṃsra' (injuring)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+hiṃsra)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• hiṃsra – injuring, harmful, cruel
  adjective
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अल्पदोषः (alpadoṣaḥ) - having few faults

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpadoṣa

alpadoṣa - having few faults or blemishes

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+doṣa)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, blemish
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhritarashtra (vocative address) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

केतनक्षमः (ketanakṣamaḥ) - worthy of the banner (symbolizing a renunciant's status or spiritual distinction) (worthy of the banner, fit for the sign/emblem)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ketanakṣama

ketanakṣama - fit for the banner, worthy of a symbol

Compound type : tatpurusha (ketana+kṣama)

• ketana – banner, flag, sign, emblem
  noun (neuter)
• kṣama – able, competent, fit, worthy
  adjective

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