महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-6

केशकीटावपतितं क्षुतं श्वभिरवेक्षितम् ।
रुदितं चावधूतं च तं भागं रक्षसां विदुः ॥६॥

6. keśakīṭāvapatitaṁ kṣutaṁ śvabhiravekṣitam ,
ruditaṁ cāvadhūtaṁ ca taṁ bhāgaṁ rakṣasāṁ viduḥ.

6. keśakīṭāvapatiam kṣutam śvabhiḥ avekṣitam
ruditam ca avadhūtam ca tam bhāgam rakṣasām viduḥ

6. yat keśakīṭāvapatiam kṣutam śvabhiḥ avekṣitam
ruditam ca avadhūtam ca tam bhāgam rakṣasām viduḥ

6. They consider that portion of food to belong to the rākṣasas which has hair or insects fallen into it, has been sneezed upon, viewed by dogs, cried over, or disregarded.

Words meanings summery:

• केशकीटावपतिअम् (keśakīṭāvapatiam) - having hair or insects fallen into it (referring to food) (fallen upon by hair and insects)

• क्षुतम् (kṣutam) - sneezed upon (referring to food) (sneezed upon, having been sneezed)

• श्वभिः (śvabhiḥ) - by dogs

• अवेक्षितम् (avekṣitam) - viewed (by dogs, referring to food) (seen, observed, viewed)

• रुदितम् (ruditam) - cried over (referring to food) (wept over, cried over)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अवधूतम् (avadhūtam) - disregarded (referring to food) (shaken off, rejected, scorned, disregarded)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तम् (tam) - that (referring to the portion of food) (that, him, it)

• भागम् (bhāgam) - portion (of food) (share, portion, part)

• रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the rākṣasas (of demons, of rākṣasas)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they consider, they know (they know, they understand)

Words meanings and morphology

केशकीटावपतिअम् (keśakīṭāvapatiam) - having hair or insects fallen into it (referring to food) (fallen upon by hair and insects)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of keśakīṭāvapatiam

keśakīṭāvapatiam - fallen upon by hair and insects

Past Passive Participle (within compound)

A compound where the final part 'avapatitam' is a past passive participle (from ava- + pat 'to fall'). The first part is 'keśakīṭa' (hair and insect).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (keśakīṭa+avapatita)

• keśakīṭa – hair and insects
  noun (neuter)
  Dvanda compound of 'keśa' (hair) and 'kīṭa' (insect)
• avapatita – fallen, descended
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root pat (to fall) with prefix ava- and suffix -ta
  Prefix: ava
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: functions as a predicate nominative/accusative

क्षुतम् (kṣutam) - sneezed upon (referring to food) (sneezed upon, having been sneezed)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of kṣuta

kṣuta - sneezed, having been sneezed upon

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṣu (to sneeze) with suffix -ta

Root: kṣu (class 2)

Note: functions as a predicate nominative/accusative

श्वभिः (śvabhiḥ) - by dogs

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śvan

śvan - dog

Note: agent of the passive participle "avekṣitam"

अवेक्षितम् (avekṣitam) - viewed (by dogs, referring to food) (seen, observed, viewed)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of avekṣita

avekṣita - seen, observed, regarded, watched

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root īkṣ (to see, to look) with prefix ava- and suffix -ta

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: functions as a predicate nominative/accusative

रुदितम् (ruditam) - cried over (referring to food) (wept over, cried over)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of rudita

rudita - wept, cried, lamented

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root rud (to weep, to cry) with suffix -ta

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: functions as a predicate nominative/accusative

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: connective particle

अवधूतम् (avadhūtam) - disregarded (referring to food) (shaken off, rejected, scorned, disregarded)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of avadhūta

avadhūta - shaken off, repelled, rejected, scorned, disregarded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhū (to shake) with prefix ava- and suffix -ta

Prefix: ava

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: functions as a predicate nominative/accusative

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: connective particle

तम् (tam) - that (referring to the portion of food) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: direct object of "viduḥ"

भागम् (bhāgam) - portion (of food) (share, portion, part)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāga

bhāga - share, portion, part, lot

Derived from root bhaj (to divide, to share)

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: direct object of "viduḥ"

रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the rākṣasas (of demons, of rākṣasas)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, rākṣasa, evil being

Note: possessive genitive with "bhāgam"

विदुः (viduḥ) - they consider, they know (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

present indicative, 3rd plural

root verb (adādi, class 2) 'vid' without secondary conjugation suffixes. This is the perfect tense (liṭ) form in early Vedic, but functions as present indicative in later Sanskrit.

Root: vid (class 2)