महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-24, verse-57

कृतसर्वस्वहरणा निर्दोषाः प्रभविष्णुभिः ।
स्पृहयन्ति च भुक्तान्नं तेषु दत्तं महाफलम् ॥५७॥

57. kṛtasarvasvaharaṇā nirdoṣāḥ prabhaviṣṇubhiḥ ,
spṛhayanti ca bhuktānnaṁ teṣu dattaṁ mahāphalam.

57. kṛtasarvasvaharaṇāḥ nirdoṣāḥ prabhaviṣṇubhiḥ
spṛhayanti ca bhuktānnaṃ teṣu dattaṃ mahāphalam

57. prabhaviṣṇubhiḥ kṛtasarvasvaharaṇāḥ nirdoṣāḥ ca
bhuktānnaṃ spṛhayanti teṣu dattaṃ mahāphalam

57. A great reward is obtained from a gift given to those innocent people whose entire possessions have been seized by powerful individuals and who long even for leftover food.

Words meanings summery:

• कृतसर्वस्वहरणाः (kṛtasarvasvaharaṇāḥ) - those whose entire possessions have been seized/taken away

• निर्दोषाः (nirdoṣāḥ) - blameless, faultless, innocent

• प्रभविष्णुभिः (prabhaviṣṇubhiḥ) - by those in positions of power or authority (by powerful ones, by rulers, by influential persons)

• स्पृहयन्ति (spṛhayanti) - they desire, they long for, they crave

• च (ca) - and

• भुक्तान्नं (bhuktānnaṁ) - food that has already been consumed by others, implying extreme poverty (eaten food, leftover food)

• तेषु (teṣu) - to such people (to/among them, in them)

• दत्तं (dattaṁ) - a gift given (given, bestowed)

• महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - a significant spiritual or material benefit (great fruit, great reward, abundant fruit)

Words meanings and morphology

कृतसर्वस्वहरणाः (kṛtasarvasvaharaṇāḥ) - those whose entire possessions have been seized/taken away

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtasarvasvaharaṇa

kṛtasarvasvaharaṇa - one whose entire property has been taken away

Bahuvrīhi compound: "whose sarvasvaharam (seizing of all property) has been kṛta (done)".

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+sarvasvaharaṇa)

• kṛta – done, made
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `kṛ` (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• sarvasvaharaṇa – seizing of all property, confiscation of everything
  noun (neuter)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: `haraṇa` (seizing) of `sarvasva` (all possessions).

Note: Refers to the implied "people."

निर्दोषाः (nirdoṣāḥ) - blameless, faultless, innocent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirdoṣa

nirdoṣa - free from fault, blameless, innocent

Bahuvrīhi compound (`nir-doṣa`, without fault).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+doṣa)

• nir – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
  Negative/privative prefix
• doṣa – fault, defect, sin, blame
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from `duṣ` (to be bad, faulty).
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the implied "people."

प्रभविष्णुभिः (prabhaviṣṇubhiḥ) - by those in positions of power or authority (by powerful ones, by rulers, by influential persons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prabhaviṣṇu

prabhaviṣṇu - powerful, influential, mighty, ruling

From `pra-bhū` (to be mighty, rule) + suffix `iṣṇu`.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agent of the action "seized".

स्पृहयन्ति (spṛhayanti) - they desire, they long for, they crave

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of spṛh

Present Tense

Root `spṛh` (Class 10, spṛhaya-ti)

Root: spṛh (class 10)

Note: Null subject (implied "they" referring to the people described).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

भुक्तान्नं (bhuktānnaṁ) - food that has already been consumed by others, implying extreme poverty (eaten food, leftover food)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhuktānna

bhuktānna - eaten food, remnants of food

Tatpuruṣa compound (`bhukta` (eaten) + `anna` (food)).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhukta+anna)

• bhukta – eaten, enjoyed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `bhuj` (to eat, enjoy).
  Root: bhuj (class 7)
• anna – food, grain
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root `ad` (to eat).
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of `spṛhayanti`.

तेषु (teṣu) - to such people (to/among them, in them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: The locative case here implies "with respect to them" or "given in their case", effectively meaning "to them".

दत्तं (dattaṁ) - a gift given (given, bestowed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, offered

Past Passive Participle

From root `dā` (to give) with the past passive participle suffix `-ta`.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Here used as a noun, "a given (thing)" or "a gift."

महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - a significant spiritual or material benefit (great fruit, great reward, abundant fruit)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahāphala

mahāphala - having great fruit, highly efficacious, bringing great reward

Bahuvrīhi or Karmadhāraya compound. Here functions as a neuter noun.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+phala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)