महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-57, verse-81

तेन शापेन धर्मोऽपि शूद्रयोनावजायत ।
विद्वान्विदुररूपेण धार्मी तनुरकिल्बिषी ॥८१॥

81. tena śāpena dharmo'pi śūdrayonāvajāyata ,
vidvānvidurarūpeṇa dhārmī tanurakilbiṣī.

81. tena śāpena dharmaḥ api śūdrayonau ajāyata
vidvān vidurarūpeṇa dhārmī tanuḥ akilbiṣī

81. Due to that curse, even Dharma himself was born in the womb of a Śūdra. He was born as the wise Vidura, a righteous and sinless being.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that (by that, with that)

• शापेन (śāpena) - due to that curse (by curse, with curse)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - Dharma himself (as a deity) (righteousness, duty, law, Dharma (the deity))

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• शूद्रयोनौ (śūdrayonau) - in the womb of a Śūdra (in the womb/birth of a Śūdra)

• अजायत (ajāyata) - was born

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - wise (learned, knowing, wise)

• विदुररूपेण (vidurarūpeṇa) - in the form of Vidura

• धार्मी (dhārmī) - righteous (righteous, virtuous, conforming to Dharma)

• तनुः (tanuḥ) - being (body, form, person)

• अकिल्बिषी (akilbiṣī) - sinless (sinless, faultless)

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with śāpena

शापेन (śāpena) - due to that curse (by curse, with curse)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

action noun

from root śap (to curse)

Root: śap (class 1)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - Dharma himself (as a deity) (righteousness, duty, law, Dharma (the deity))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue, custom, religion, particular quality, Dharma (as a deity)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

शूद्रयोनौ (śūdrayonau) - in the womb of a Śūdra (in the womb/birth of a Śūdra)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śūdrayoni

śūdrayoni - Śūdra womb, birth as a Śūdra

Compound type : tatpurusha (śūdra+yoni)

• śūdra – member of the lowest of the four Hindu castes
  noun (masculine)
• yoni – womb, source, origin, birth, race
  noun (feminine)

अजायत (ajāyata) - was born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of jan

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Root jan (4A) 'to be born'. Imperfect, 3rd singular, middle voice.

विद्वान् (vidvān) - wise (learned, knowing, wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - knowing, learned, wise

perfect participle active

from root vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Refers to Dharma/Vidura.

विदुररूपेण (vidurarūpeṇa) - in the form of Vidura

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vidurarūpa

vidurarūpa - form of Vidura

Compound type : tatpurusha (vidura+rūpa)

• vidura – Vidura (name of a character)
  noun (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Often indicates 'as' or 'in the capacity of' when in instrumental.

धार्मी (dhārmī) - righteous (righteous, virtuous, conforming to Dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhārmin

dhārmin - righteous, virtuous, conforming to Dharma

suffix -in

Note: Agrees with tanuḥ (feminine).

तनुः (tanuḥ) - being (body, form, person)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tanu

tanu - body, form, person, self

अकिल्बिषी (akilbiṣī) - sinless (sinless, faultless)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of akilbiṣin

akilbiṣin - sinless, faultless

privative 'a' + kilbiṣa + -in suffix

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kilbiṣa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• kilbiṣa – sin, fault
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with tanuḥ (feminine).