महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-57, verse-37

तदहः पितरश्चैनमूचुर्जहि मृगानिति ।
तं राजसत्तमं प्रीतास्तदा मतिमतां वरम् ॥३७॥

37. tadahaḥ pitaraścainamūcurjahi mṛgāniti ,
taṁ rājasattamaṁ prītāstadā matimatāṁ varam.

37. tad ahaḥ pitaraḥ ca enam ūcuḥ jahi mṛgān iti
tam rājasattamam prītāḥ tadā matimatām varam

37. On that very day, his ancestors, being pleased with that best of kings, the foremost among the wise, told him: 'Hunt the deer!'

Words meanings summery:

• तद् (tad) - that (day) (that, this)

• अहः (ahaḥ) - day

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (Pitṛs) (fathers, ancestors)

• च (ca) - also (and, also)

• एनम् (enam) - him (Vasu) (him, this (person/thing))

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they told (they said, they spoke)

• जहि (jahi) - hunt! (kill the deer) (kill! strike!)

• मृगान् (mṛgān) - deer, game animals (deer, wild animals)

• इति (iti) - (marks the end of a direct quote) (thus, so, (quotation marker))

• तम् (tam) - him (Vasu) (him, that)

• राजसत्तमम् (rājasattamam) - best of kings

• प्रीताः (prītāḥ) - pleased (with Vasu) (pleased, satisfied)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• मतिमताम् (matimatām) - of the intelligent ones (of the intelligent, of the wise)

• वरम् (varam) - foremost, best (among the intelligent) (best, excellent)

Words meanings and morphology

तद् (tad) - that (day) (that, this)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Adjective qualifying ahaḥ. Used adverbially.

अहः (ahaḥ) - day

(noun)

neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day, daylight

Note: Adverbial accusative, 'on that day'.

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (Pitṛs) (fathers, ancestors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Subject of ūcuḥ.

च (ca) - also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एनम् (enam) - him (Vasu) (him, this (person/thing))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, he, she, it

Note: Anaphoric pronoun, direct object of ūcuḥ.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they told (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Past tense of vac.

जहि (jahi) - hunt! (kill the deer) (kill! strike!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Command given to Vasu.

मृगान् (mṛgān) - deer, game animals (deer, wild animals)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, antelope, wild animal, game

Note: Object of 'jahi'.

इति (iti) - (marks the end of a direct quote) (thus, so, (quotation marker))

(indeclinable)

Note: Quotation marker.

तम् (tam) - him (Vasu) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vasu, the object of the Pitṛs' pleasure.

राजसत्तमम् (rājasattamam) - best of kings

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājasattama

rājasattama - best of kings, most excellent king

Compound of rājan (king) + sattama (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+sattama)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

Note: Qualifies tam (Vasu).

प्रीताः (prītāḥ) - pleased (with Vasu) (pleased, satisfied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prīta

prīta - pleased, satisfied, delighted, dear

past passive participle

From root prī (to please, to love)

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Qualifies pitaraḥ (ancestors).

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

मतिमताम् (matimatām) - of the intelligent ones (of the intelligent, of the wise)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of matimat

matimat - intelligent, wise, sensible

Suffixed with -mat

Note: Genitive plural, part of a superlative phrase.

वरम् (varam) - foremost, best (among the intelligent) (best, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, principal; boon, choice

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies tam (Vasu). Forms a tatpurusha compound implicitly with matimatām.