महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-57, verse-61

विद्धि मां भगवन्कन्यां सदा पितृवशानुगाम् ।
त्वत्संयोगाच्च दुष्येत कन्याभावो ममानघ ॥६१॥

61. viddhi māṁ bhagavankanyāṁ sadā pitṛvaśānugām ,
tvatsaṁyogācca duṣyeta kanyābhāvo mamānagha.

61. viddhi mām bhagavan kanyām sadā pitṛvaśānugām
tvatsaṃyogāt ca duṣyeta kanyābhāvaḥ mama anagha

61. O revered one, know that I am a maiden, always obedient to my father's will. And, O sinless one, my maidenhood would be sullied by union with you.

61. הו אדון, דע שאני עלמה שתמיד צייתת לאביה, והו חף מחטא, מחמת הזדווגות איתך תיפגם בתולתי.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know! understand!

• माम् (mām) - me

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one (O revered one, O fortunate one, O Lord)

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - a maiden (maiden, girl)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, perpetually)

• पितृवशानुगाम् (pitṛvaśānugām) - obedient to my father's will (obedient to father's will, following father's control)

• त्वत्संयोगात् (tvatsaṁyogāt) - from union with you, due to contact with you

• च (ca) - and, moreover (and, also)

• दुष्येत (duṣyeta) - would be sullied (would be corrupted, would be defiled, would be spoiled)

• कन्याभावः (kanyābhāvaḥ) - maidenhood (maidenhood, state of being a maiden, virginity)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one (O sinless one, O blameless one)

Words meanings and morphology

विद्धि (viddhi) - know! understand!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Irregular form.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one (O revered one, O fortunate one, O Lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - fortunate, glorious, divine, lord, venerable

Root: bhaj

Note: Used as a respectful address to the sage.

कन्याम् (kanyām) - a maiden (maiden, girl)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, virgin, girl, daughter

Note: Object of 'viddhi', stating what 'mām' is.

सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

पितृवशानुगाम् (pitṛvaśānugām) - obedient to my father's will (obedient to father's will, following father's control)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pitṛvaśānuga

pitṛvaśānuga - following father's will, dependent on father's authority

compound of pitṛ, vaśa, and anuga (from gam with anu)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+vaśa+anuga)

• pitṛ – father, paternal
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – will, control, power, authority
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś
• anuga – following, accompanying, obedient
  adjective (masculine)
  from root gam with prefix anu-
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam

Note: Qualifies 'mām' and 'kanyām'.

त्वत्संयोगात् (tvatsaṁyogāt) - from union with you, due to contact with you

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tvatsaṃyoga

tvatsaṁyoga - union with you, connection with you

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvad+saṃyoga)

• tvad – you, your
  pronoun
• saṃyoga – union, conjunction, contact, connection
  noun (masculine)
  from root yuj with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj

Note: Indicates cause.

च (ca) - and, moreover (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two parts of the verse, adding emphasis or consequence.

दुष्येत (duṣyeta) - would be sullied (would be corrupted, would be defiled, would be spoiled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of duṣ

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Expresses possibility or potential.

कन्याभावः (kanyābhāvaḥ) - maidenhood (maidenhood, state of being a maiden, virginity)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kanyābhāva

kanyābhāva - state of being a maiden, maidenhood, virginity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kanyā+bhāva)

• kanyā – maiden, girl, daughter
  noun (feminine)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature
  noun (masculine)
  from root bhū
  Root: bhū

Note: Subject of 'duṣyeta'.

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Qualifies 'kanyābhāvaḥ'.

अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one (O sinless one, O blameless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, blameless, pure, faultless

Compound type : nan-tatpuruṣa (a+agha)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• agha – sin, evil, distress, misfortune
  noun (neuter)

Note: Addressing the sage respectfully.

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